Somo 1Pharmacokinetics, formulations, dosing schedules, and routes of administrationSehemu hii inaelezea kunyonya, kusambaza, kimetaboliki na kuondoa GLP-1 RAs, dual incretins, SGLT2 inhibitors, na bidhaa za insulin/GLP-1 za uwiano, ikiunganisha pharmacokinetics na ratiba za kipimo, titration na uchaguzi wa njia.
Onset, peak, and duration of GLP-1 receptor agonistsOral versus injectable incretin formulationsRenal handling and half-life of SGLT2 inhibitorsFixed-ratio insulin/GLP-1 titration strategiesAdjusting doses in organ dysfunction and frailtySomo 2Athari za kawaida za matibabu: udhibiti wa glukosi, mabadiliko ya uzito, shinikizo la damu na athari za cardiorenalSehemu hii inachunguza athari zinazotarajiwa za dawa mpya kwenye HbA1c, glukosi ya kawaida na baada ya kula, uzito wa mwili, shinikizo la damu, na matokeo ya cardiorenal. Inaangazia tofauti za darasa, mifumo ya dose–response, na malengo ya kweli kwa maamuzi ya pamoja.
HbA1c and time-in-range improvements by classWeight loss profiles of GLP-1 and dual incretinsBlood pressure and volume effects of SGLT2 inhibitorsCardiovascular outcome benefits and neutral findingsRenal protection and albuminuria reduction patternsSomo 3Vizuizi, tahadhari na watu maalum: viwango vya udhaifu wa figo, udhaifu wa ini, saratani ya tezi medullary ya kibinafsi/familia/MEN2, ujauzito na kunyonyeshaSehemu hii inashughulikia vizuizi na tahadhari kwa dawa mpya, ikiwa ni pamoja na viwango vya udhaifu wa figo na ini, ugonjwa wa seli za C za tezi, MEN2, ujauzito, kunyonyesha, udhaifu, na wagonjwa wazee, kwa mkazo kwenye tathmini ya hatari-faida.
eGFR thresholds for SGLT2 and incretin therapiesHepatic impairment and dose adjustment needsMedullary thyroid carcinoma and MEN2 precautionsUse in pregnancy, lactation, and preconceptionElderly, frail, and multimorbid patient considerationsSomo 4Taratibu za utendaji: GLP-1 receptor agonists, dual/triple incretin agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, fixed-ratio insulin/GLP-1 combosSehemu hii inaeleza taratibu za utendaji wa GLP-1 receptor agonists, dual na triple incretin agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, na michanganyiko ya insulin/GLP-1 ya uwiano, ikiunganisha vitendo vya kimolekuli na faida za kimatibabu, hatari, na uchaguzi wa dawa wa busara.
GLP-1 receptor signaling and beta-cell effectsDual and triple incretin agonists: rationale and dataRenal glucose transport and SGLT2 inhibitionSynergy in fixed-ratio insulin/GLP-1 productsMechanistic basis for cardiorenal protectionSomo 5Kusoma na kutumia taarifa za miongozo: jinsi ya kuchukua mapendekezo kutoka ADA, EASD, ESC, KDIGO, na miongozo ya kitaifa kwa uchaguzi na mpangilio wa tibaSehemu hii inaeleza jinsi ya kusafiri ADA, EASD, ESC, KDIGO, na miongozo ya kitaifa. Mkazo ni kwenye kuchukua mapendekezo yaliyopangwa, kusuluhisha tofauti, na kutafsiri algoriti katika uchaguzi wa tiba na mpangilio wa kibinafsi.
Structure of ADA, EASD, ESC, KDIGO documentsStrength of recommendation and evidence gradingPrioritizing cardiorenal risk in treatment algorithmsReconciling conflicting guidance across societiesAdapting global guidance to national formulariesSomo 6Mwingiliano wa dawa na dawa zinazotumiwa sana katika kisukari, ugonjwa wa CV, na tiba ya kupunguza lipidSehemu hii inachanganua mwingiliano wa pharmacodynamic na pharmacokinetic kati ya dawa mpya za kupunguza glukosi na dawa za kawaida za shinikizo la damu, kushindwa kwa moyo, dyslipidemia, na tiba ya antiplatelet, ikilenga usalama na ufanisi katika polypharmacy.
Interactions with ACE inhibitors and ARBsLoop and thiazide diuretics with SGLT2 inhibitorsStatins, fibrates, and newer glucose-lowering drugsAntiplatelet and anticoagulant co-therapy issuesManaging complex polypharmacy in older adultsSomo 7Kutafsiri miisho ya majaribio ya kimatibabu: kupunguza HbA1c, uzito wa mwili, MACE, hospitali ya kushindwa kwa moyo, matokeo ya michanganyiko ya figoSehemu hii inafundisha tafsiri ya miisho ya majaribio ya kimatibabu, ikiwa ni pamoja na mabadiliko ya HbA1c, kupunguza uzito, MACE, hospitali ya kushindwa kwa moyo, michanganyiko ya figo, na matokeo ya usalama, ikisisitiza hatari halisi, NNT, na umuhimu wa wagonjwa.
Glycemic endpoints: HbA1c, TIR, and durabilityWeight and metabolic syndrome outcomesMACE and expanded cardiovascular endpointsHeart-failure hospitalization and diuretic sparingRenal composite endpoints and slope analysesSomo 8Athari mbaya kuu na ishara za usalama: athari za GI, wasiwasi wa pancreatitis, euglycemic DKA, maambukizi ya siri, hatari ya hypoglycemia na michanganyikoSehemu hii inachunguza athari kuu mbaya za dawa mpya, ikiwa ni pamoja na kutuliza tumbo, wasiwasi wa pancreatitis, euglycemic DKA, maambukizi ya siri na mkojo, kupunguza kiasi, na hypoglycemia wakati wa kuchanganya na insulin au sulfonylureas.
Gastrointestinal effects and mitigation strategiesPancreatitis and gallbladder disease signalsEuglycemic DKA: recognition and preventionGenital and urinary infections with SGLT2 drugsHypoglycemia risk in combination regimens