Somo 1Kuchagua TIG dhidi ya MIG kwa kila kiungo: vigezo kwa nguzo-hadi-baseplate, viungo vya handrail, na bar za infillInalinganisha TIG na MIG kwa viungo vya kawaida vya alumini kama nguzo hadi baseplates, handrails, na bar za infill. Inajadili upatikanaji, mwonekano, kiwango cha deposition, na kiwango cha ustadi ili kuongoza uchaguzi wa mchakato na usanidi wa vigezo.
Process comparison: deposition and controlPosts-to-baseplate joint process choiceHandrail and infill bar joint examplesAccess, position, and appearance factorsCost, productivity, and rework trade-offsSomo 2Kasoro za kawaida za kushona alumini: porosity, kukosa fusion, kupasuka moto — sababu na hatua za kuzuiaInatambua kasoro za kawaida za kushona alumini kama porosity, kukosa fusion, na kupasuka moto. Inaunganisha kila kasoro na sababu kama uchafuzi, fit-up duni, au pembejeo la joto, na inaonyesha njia za ukaguzi na hatua za kurekebisha.
Porosity causes, detection, and preventionLack of fusion from low heat or techniqueHot cracking and solidification controlUndercut and overlap on fillet weldsVisual and NDT checks for aluminum weldsSomo 3Mpangilio na mbinu za kushona ili kupunguza kupotoka: mkakati wa tack, stitch welding, upande unaobadilishanaInaonyesha jinsi mpangilio wa kushona, nafasi ya tack, na muundo wa bead vinavyopunguza kupotoka katika alumini. Inashughulikia stitch welding, mbinu za backstep, upande unaobadilishana, na kusasisha sehemu ili kukabiliana na kupungua kuliotarajiwa.
Tack weld spacing and size for restraintStitch and skip welding on long jointsAlternating sides to balance shrinkageBackstep technique on thin platePresetting and cambering parts before weldSomo 4Kuunganisha viungo na fixtures za kushikilia: kupunguza mapengo, matumizi ya fixtures za pembe na backingInaelezea jinsi kuunganisha viungo, fit-up, na fixtures za kushikilia zinavyoathiri kupotoka na ubora wa weld. Inashughulikia kupunguza mapengo, kutumia fixtures za pembe, backing bars, na jigs zinazorekebishwa ili kushikilia alignment wakati wa kushona alumini cha kupita mara nyingi.
Fit-up tolerances and gap controlAngle fixtures for square and miter jointsUse of backing bars and backing stripsAdjustable jigs for repetitive assembliesPreventing movement during tack and weldSomo 5Aina za sasa na polarity: AC dhidi ya DCEN dhidi ya DCEP na wakati wa kutumia kila mojaInaelezea AC, DCEN, na DCEP kwa kushona alumini, ikihusisha polarity na kitendo cha kusafisha, kupenya, uthabiti wa arc, na kuongeza joto la elektrodu. Inashughulikia usanidi wa kawaida wa TIG na MIG, mipangilio ya mashine, na jinsi ya kuchagua polarity kwa aina tofauti za viungo.
AC balance and cleaning action on aluminum oxideDCEN for specialized aluminum applicationsDCEP effects on tungsten heating and cleaningPolarity selection for TIG vs MIG processesMachine setup checks for correct polaritySomo 6Mazingatio ya pulse welding: faida kwa pembejeo la joto na udhibiti, wakati wa kutumiaInashughulikia kanuni za pulse welding kwa alumini, ikijumuisha sasa la kilele na msingi, mzunguko, na kiwango cha kazi. Inaelezea faida kwa udhibiti wa pembejeo la joto, kazi nje ya nafasi, sehemu nyembamba, na jinsi ya kuchagua programu za pulse au mipangilio ya mkono.
Pulse parameters: peak, background, frequencyBenefits on thin aluminum and gap bridgingUsing pulse for out-of-position weldsSelecting factory pulse programs on power sourcesManual tuning of pulse for specific jointsSomo 7Uchaguzi wa gesi za kinga na viwango vya mtiririko kwa kushona aluminiInaelezea chaguzi za gesi za kinga kwa TIG na MIG ya alumini, ikilenga argon, mchanganyiko wa helium, na uchaguzi wa kiwango cha mtiririko. Inashughulikia ukubwa wa pua, ufikaji wa gesi, ulinzi dhidi ya upepo, na kutatua porosity au sooting kutoka kinga duni.
Pure argon for most aluminum TIG and MIGArgon–helium mixes for thick sectionsTypical flow rates by process and nozzleGas lens, cup size, and stick-out effectsDraft shielding and leak troubleshootingSomo 8Kusafisha interpass na kuondoa oksidi wakati wa kushonaInaelezea kwa nini kusafisha interpass ni muhimu kwenye alumini, ikilenga kuondoa oksidi, uchafuzi wa hydrocarbon, na unyevu. Inalinganisha brashi za chuma kisicho na ferrasi, kukata, na kusaga nyepesi, na inafafanua wakati na mara ngapi ya kusafisha kati ya passes.
Aluminum oxide properties and weld impactDedicated stainless steel wire brushingSolvent cleaning and degreasing stepsLight grinding and scraping without gougingCleaning frequency between weld passesSomo 9Vi wango vya kawaida vya vigezo: amperage, kasi ya safari, ukubwa wa elektrodu, mifano ya kipenyo cha wayaInatoa viwango vya kuanza vya kawaida kwa amperage, kasi ya safari, ukubwa wa elektrodu, na kipenyo cha waya katika TIG na MIG ya alumini. Inasisitiza kurekebisha vigezo kwa unene, aina ya viungo, na nafasi huku ikiepuka makosa ya kawaida ya usanidi.
Amperage ranges by material thicknessTravel speed targets for TIG and MIGTungsten diameter and tip preparationWire diameter selection for spray transferParameter adjustment for position changesSomo 10Heat sink na mikakati ya kupoa: chill bars, kushikilia kwa muda, pauses za kupoa zilizodhibitiwaInaelezea jinsi heat sinks, chill bars, na kushikilia kunavyopunguza kupotoka na burn-through katika alumini. Inashughulikia backing bars, viatu vya shaba, pauses za kupoa, na fixtures za kupoa kwa maji, na mwongozo wa wakati wa kuruhusu mkusanyiko wa joto unaodhibitiwa.
Chill bar materials and contact requirementsTemporary clamps to control fit-up and warpBacking bars and copper shoes for root supportPlanned cooling pauses between weld passesWater-cooled fixtures and safety concerns
