Lesson 1Clip appliers and clips: reusable vs disposable, sizes, loading checks, and safe firing practicesThis section explains clip applier types, clip sizes, loading checks, and safe firing technique, emphasizing cystic duct and artery clipping strategy, spacing, and verification to prevent clip slippage or misplacement.
Reusable vs disposable clip appliersClip size selection for cystic ductLoading checks and jaw inspectionSafe firing and clip spacingConfirming secure clip placementLesson 2Suction/irrigation systems: laparoscopic suction tips, irrigation tubing setups, smoke evacuation, and trocar valve managementThis section explains suction and irrigation handpieces, tip options, tubing setup, and smoke evacuation, with attention to maintaining clear fields, preventing clogging, and managing trocar valves to preserve pneumoperitoneum.
Suction–irrigation handpiece assemblyTip types and clog preventionIrrigation fluid selection and warmingSmoke evacuation options and setupTrocar valve care and leak controlLesson 3Sutures, staplers, and closure instruments: fascial closure devices, trocar site closure techniques, and suture materials appropriate for portsThis section reviews sutures, staplers, and closure tools for port sites, including fascial closure devices, trocar site closure techniques, and suture selection to reduce hernia, bleeding, and infection risks.
Suture materials for port closureFascial closure device optionsTechniques for ≥10 mm port closureSkin closure methods and adhesivesStapler use for difficult closuresLesson 4Specimen retrieval and extraction tools: endobags, specimen pouches, extension port use, and wound protectionThis section covers endobags and retrieval pouches, port selection for extraction, decompression of the gallbladder, and wound protection strategies to minimize bile spillage, stone loss, and port-site contamination.
Endobag sizes and deployment stepsGallbladder decompression before baggingPort choice for specimen extractionPreventing stone and bile spillageWound protection during extractionLesson 5Consumables and sterile supplies: trochar seals, insufflator tubing, CO2 canister handling, instrument tray disposables, and backup items to have on handThis section reviews key consumables for cholecystectomy, including trocar seals, insufflation tubing, CO₂ sources, light covers, and tray disposables, plus backup items and strategies to avoid intraoperative supply shortages.
Trocar seals and reducer insertsInsufflation tubing and filtersCO₂ source checks and safetySterile tray liners and drapesBackup consumables and checklistsLesson 6Core trocar and access devices: types, sizes (5 mm, 10/11 mm), obturators, balloon and optical trocars, and insertion technique considerationsThis section reviews trocar types, diameters, obturators, and access options, focusing on safe insertion, port positioning, and troubleshooting gas leaks to ensure stable pneumoperitoneum and ergonomic instrument layout.
Bladed vs bladeless trocar designs5 mm versus 10–12 mm port selectionOptical trocar use and safety checksBalloon trocars and fixation methodsSafe primary and secondary port insertionLesson 7Dissectors and scissors: Maryland, Metzenbaum, ultrasonic and advanced energy scissors—indications and instrument handlingThis section details laparoscopic dissectors and scissors, including Maryland and Metzenbaum patterns and ultrasonic scissors, with emphasis on indications, grip, tip control, and coordinated use with traction and countertraction.
Maryland dissector uses in Calot’s triangleMetzenbaum scissors for fine dissectionUltrasonic scissors setup and safetyHand positioning and tip controlCoordinating dissection with retractionLesson 8Electrosurgery accessories and energy devices: laparoscopic bipolar forceps, monopolar hooks, vessel sealing devices, and safe cable routingThis section covers monopolar and bipolar instruments, advanced vessel sealing devices, generator settings, and safe cable routing, highlighting strategies to prevent burns, insulation failure, and stray energy injuries.
Monopolar hook setup and testingBipolar forceps indications and limitsVessel sealing device selectionGenerator modes and power settingsSafe cable routing and insulation checksLesson 9Graspers and retractors: fenestrated, atraumatic, Babcock equivalents, and their specific uses during gallbladder retractionThis section details atraumatic graspers and retractors used for gallbladder manipulation, including fenestrated and Babcock-style jaws, with focus on safe traction, exposure of Calot’s triangle, and avoiding organ injury.
Fenestrated atraumatic grasper usesBabcock-style graspers for fundusInfundibulum grasping and tractionDynamic retraction for exposureAvoiding gallbladder wall injuryLesson 10Laparoscopes and camera accessories: scopes, camera head checks, cleaning, anti-fog agents, and lens warming optionsThis section explains laparoscope types, camera head checks, white balance, and cable management, plus cleaning, anti-fog, and lens warming strategies to maintain clear, stable images throughout laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
0° vs 30° laparoscope selectionCamera head connection and focus testsWhite balance and color adjustmentLens cleaning and anti-fog techniquesCable routing and strain relief
