Lesson 1Focused respiratory assessment: inspection, auscultation, cough, sputum characteristics, work of breathing, and pulse oximetry interpretationOffers a systematic respiratory check for pneumonia patients, covering inspection, listening to lungs, evaluating cough and sputum, breathing effort, and reading pulse oximetry to spot deterioration and plan actions.
Inspect chest expansion and accessory useAuscultate for crackles, wheezes, or diminishedAssess cough effectiveness and sputum traitsEvaluate work of breathing and fatigueInterpret SpO₂ in context of baselineLesson 2Infection control and isolation precautions: hand hygiene, mask use, respiratory etiquette, and room assignment considerationsDeals with infection control and isolation for pneumonia cases, including proper hand washing, mask and protective gear usage, cough manners, room allocation, and educating patients to curb spread and safeguard staff and visitors.
Apply hand hygiene at all key momentsSelect appropriate mask and PPE levelReinforce patient respiratory etiquetteDetermine need for isolation precautionsEducate family on infection preventionLesson 3History-focused questions and medication reconciliation: recent symptoms, allergies, current meds, last oral intake, advance directivesDirects focused history collection and medicine reconciliation for pneumonia, highlighting recent breathing issues, exposures, allergies, ongoing medicines, last meal or drink, and advance care wishes for safe, personalised treatment.
Clarify onset and progression of symptomsReview allergies and prior reactionsReconcile home and inpatient medicationsAssess last oral intake and aspiration riskConfirm code status and advance directivesLesson 4Peripheral IV and lines assessment: site inspection, patency checks, infusion verification, and documentationExamines thorough checking of peripheral IV lines and others in pneumonia patients, focusing on site condition, flow checks, right fluids and rates, compatibility, and proper recording to avoid issues and ensure safe delivery.
Inspect IV site for redness, swelling, or leakageAssess patency with flush and resistance evaluationVerify solution, rate, and pump settingsCheck line labeling, dates, and compatibilityIdentify and manage IV complications earlyLesson 5Pain and discomfort assessment: use of pain scales, location/quality/aggravating factors and impact on breathingLooks into structured pain and discomfort evaluation in pneumonia, using reliable scales, describing chest pain nature, its effect on coughing and deep breaths, and customising relief to aid breathing and comfort.
Select age-appropriate pain assessment scalesDifferentiate pleuritic from cardiac chest painAssess impact of pain on cough and breathingEvaluate response to analgesics and timingUse nonpharmacologic comfort strategiesLesson 6Glucose and comorbidity screening: point-of-care glucose checks, medication review for diabetes and hypertension interactionsHandles glucose and co-existing condition screening in pneumonia patients, with bedside sugar tests, checking diabetes and blood pressure treatments, and spotting interactions impacting infection recovery.
Perform point-of-care glucose on admissionRecognize stress hyperglycemia in infectionReview diabetes medications and timingAssess antihypertensive and diuretic useCoordinate adjustments with provider teamLesson 7Vital signs and trends: interpreting temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation in contextTeaches taking and understanding vital signs trends in pneumonia, combining fever, pulse, breathing rate, BP, and oxygen levels to identify sepsis, breathing failure, or decline.
Measure complete set of vital signsIdentify abnormal respiratory rate patternsCorrelate fever with infection severityTrend blood pressure and perfusion statusRecognize early sepsis and shock indicatorsLesson 8Neurologic and functional assessment: orientation, level of consciousness, mobility limitations and fall riskEmphasises brain and daily function checks in pneumonia, covering alertness, awareness, movement limits, usual abilities, and fall dangers to catch low-oxygen effects and plan safe activity.
Assess orientation and mental status changesUse standardized LOC scales when indicatedScreen baseline mobility and assistive needsIdentify intrinsic and extrinsic fall risksImplement fall prevention interventionsLesson 9Rapid primary survey: airway, breathing, circulation priorities and immediate safety checksOutlines quick primary check for pneumonia patients, prioritising airway, breathing, circulation, with instant safety steps, positioning, and alerting to stabilise on arrival or sudden changes.
Assess airway patency and obstruction signsEvaluate breathing pattern and chest movementCheck circulation, skin color, and pulsesPosition patient for optimal ventilationInitiate rapid response or provider notification
