Lesson 1Fillers, anti-redeposition agents, and soil-release polymers: roles in keeping fabrics cleanThis lesson looks at how fillers bulk up and steady detergents, anti-redeposition agents hold dirt in water, and soil-release polymers change fibres to ease cleaning and stop fabrics turning dull grey.
Roles of inert fillers in powder detergentsAnti-redeposition polymers and soil suspensionSoil-release finishes on polyester fabricsImpact on graying, dinginess, and whitenessFormulation limits and interaction with surfactantsLesson 2Fragrances, preservatives, and sensitizers: common allergens and how they cause skin irritationThis lesson checks fragrance, preservative, and sensitising parts in laundry items. It points out usual allergens, how they touch skin, cause itch or rash, and tips for folks with touchy skin.
Fragrance types and encapsulated scent systemsCommon fragrance allergens and labeling termsPreservatives used in liquid detergentsContact dermatitis and sensitization pathwaysChoosing low-allergen or fragrance-free productsLesson 3Surfactants: types, mechanisms, and common examples (anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric)This lesson goes over main surfactant kinds, their build, and how they cut surface pull, mix oils, lift dirt bits. It weighs cleaning power, bubbles, and fit for cloth or skin.
Hydrophilic–lipophilic balance and micelle formationAnionic surfactants for heavy soil removalNonionic surfactants for low-foam cleaningCationic surfactants and fabric conditioningAmphoteric surfactants and mild formulationsLesson 4Builders and water softening agents: phosphates, zeolites, citrates, sodium carbonate — how they sequester hardness ionsThis lesson shows how builders and softeners grab calcium and magnesium, stop crusts, lift surfactant work. It compares phosphates, zeolites, citrates, carbonates in today's mixes.
Hard water ions and soap scum formationPhosphate builders and environmental limitsZeolites as ion-exchange softening agentsCitrate and carbonate as eco-friendlier optionsInteractions with surfactants and enzymesLesson 5Optical brighteners and whiteners: chemistry, benefits, and risks to fabrics and skinThis lesson explains optical brighteners' chemistry, light tricks for whiter look. It covers cloth build-up, colour change, skin or nature worries.
Fluorescence and blue light emissionBrightener types used in detergentsDeposition on cotton vs syntheticsLong-term buildup and graying effectsAllergy, safety, and environmental aspectsLesson 6Fabric damage mechanisms: abrasion, pilling, fiber weakening from chemicals and temperatureThis lesson checks how wash rubs, chems, heat harm fibres long-term. It details rubs, pills, colour fade, chem weaken, ties to wash settings and picks.
Mechanical stress from drum motion and load sizePilling on cotton, wool, and syntheticsChemical hydrolysis and oxidation of fibersThermal damage from hot water and dryingBalancing cleaning power with fabric longevityLesson 7Bleaching agents: chlorine vs oxygen bleaches, safe use on cotton and syntheticsThis lesson details chlorine and oxygen bleach workings, stain lift paths, whiten effects. It explains cloth match, colour test, safe use on cotton, man-mades, blends.
Oxidation mechanisms of common bleachesChlorine bleach uses, limits, and corrosion riskOxygen bleach for colors and delicatesTemperature and pH effects on bleach actionSafe dosing, mixing, and storage practicesLesson 8pH in detergents: alkaline vs neutral formulations and effects on soils and fibersThis lesson sees how detergent pH sways dirt lift, dye hold, fibre strength. It weighs alkaline vs near-neutral, buffering, rinse ways, skin fit.
Typical pH ranges in powder and liquid detergentsAlkalinity and removal of fatty and protein soilsNeutral and mild pH for delicates and woolpH effects on dyes, finishes, and shrinkageRinse pH, skin comfort, and irritation riskLesson 9Interpreting product labels: active ingredients, concentration indicators, and safety statements (R- and H-phrases)This lesson teaches reading detergent labels, eyeing active parts, strength hints, danger marks, caution words for safer picks based on facts.
Identifying surfactants, builders, and enzymesConcentration indicators and dosing guidanceHazard pictograms and signal wordsH-phrases, precautionary, and warning textUsing label data to compare product strengthLesson 10Enzymes in detergents: protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase — functions and temperature/activity rangesThis lesson names key enzymes, stain targets, best conditions. It covers protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, steady hold, heat spans, cloth care.
Proteases for protein stains like bloodAmylases for starch-based food residuesLipases for oily and greasy soil removalCellulases for color renewal and fuzz removalEnzyme stability, pH, and temperature windows
