Lesson 1Struck-by hazards: falling tools/materials, moving equipment, crane lifts, suspended loadsThis section focuses on struck by hazards from tools, materials, and equipment. It covers falling objects, moving vehicles, crane operations, suspended loads, and controls such as barricades, spotters, and exclusion zones in Eritrean sites.
Identify overhead work and drop zonesTool tethering and material securing methodsVehicle and equipment travel path mappingCrane swing radius and load path controlsSpotter roles and communication signalsLesson 2Fall hazards: unprotected edges, scaffold gaps, openings, floor openings and stair voidsThis section details how to recognize and categorize fall hazards on active sites in Eritrea. It addresses edges, openings, scaffolds, floor and stair voids, and evaluates exposure duration, worker tasks, and required fall protection systems.
Identify unprotected edges and leading edgesLocate floor, roof, and shaft openingsScaffold gaps, access points, and platformsAssess fall distances and exposure durationSelect guardrails, covers, and PFAS optionsLesson 3Electrical hazards: live conductors, temporary power, incomplete installationsThis section addresses electrical hazards from temporary and permanent systems in Eritrea. It covers live conductors, temporary power, incomplete installations, lockout tagging, and inspection of cords, panels, and distribution.
Identify exposed and energized componentsTemporary power layout and load managementInspection of cords, GFCIs, and panelsLockout tagout coordination with contractorsControls near water, metal, and wet tradesLesson 4PPE and human factors: missing eye protection/gloves, fatigue, language and supervision gapsThis section examines PPE use and human factors that influence hazard exposure in Eritrean contexts. It covers missing or incorrect PPE, fatigue, stress, language barriers, supervision quality, and strategies to strengthen safety culture.
Match PPE to task, hazard, and environmentIdentify non use and improper PPE practicesRecognize fatigue, stress, and distraction signsAddress language and literacy limitationsSupervisor presence and role modelingLesson 5Housekeeping and access hazards: congested routes, blocked emergency exits, trip/slip surfacesThis section focuses on housekeeping and access hazards that drive many injuries in Eritrea. It covers material congestion, blocked exits, poor lighting, trip and slip surfaces, and how to enforce clear, safe access routes.
Define minimum clear widths for access routesIdentify blocked exits and egress obstructionsManage debris, offcuts, and loose materialsControl mud, ice, and slippery walking surfacesLighting and visibility in corridors and stairsLesson 6Systematic hazard listing from project context: falls, struck-by, tools, materials, fire, electrical, housekeepingThis section explains how to build a structured hazard register from project documents and site walks in Eritrea. It covers typical construction hazards and how to classify them by task, location, trade, and phase for ongoing risk review.
Review drawings, specs, and construction scheduleIdentify task, trade, and location based hazardsClassify falls, struck by, caught between, other typesUse checklists and prompts without losing judgmentPrioritize hazards by severity and likelihoodLesson 7Environmental and site-specific hazards: underground parking risks, confined spaces, ventilation and hazardous atmospheresThis section focuses on hazards created by the physical site and environment in Eritrea. It covers underground parking risks, confined spaces, ventilation limits, hazardous atmospheres, and how to monitor changing environmental conditions.
Underground parking layout and traffic patternsConfined space criteria and entry decision makingVentilation needs for fumes, dust, and exhaustDetection of oxygen deficiency and toxic gasesWeather, temperature, and visibility impactsLesson 8Interaction and coordination hazards: multi-trade sequencing, inadequate exclusions, permit conflictsThis section examines hazards created when multiple trades, permits, and work zones overlap in Eritrea. It covers sequencing conflicts, inadequate exclusion zones, permit clashes, and methods to coordinate safe simultaneous operations.
Map overlapping trades, tasks, and time windowsIdentify conflicting permits and work authorizationsDesign and enforce exclusion and buffer zonesCoordinate crane, hoist, and delivery interfacesUse daily coordination and pre task meetingsLesson 9Material handling and storage hazards: unstable stacks, improper stacking, inadequate signageThis section addresses hazards from moving, lifting, and storing materials in Eritrean sites. It covers unstable stacks, improper racking, manual handling risks, equipment interfaces, and signage needed to control access and loading.
Assess manual handling and overexertion risksStacking height, stability, and dunnage useRacking, shelving, and pallet storage checksSegregate materials from walkways and edgesSignage for capacity, no stacking, and accessLesson 10Fire and hot work hazards: welding near combustibles, hot work permits, fire watch needsThis section covers fire and hot work hazards on construction sites in Eritrea. It explains ignition sources, combustible loading, hot work permitting, fire watch duties, and coordination with building systems and local fire codes.
Survey combustible materials and fuel sourcesIdentify welding, cutting, and grinding locationsHot work permit workflow and documentationFire watch roles, duration, and equipmentCoordination with alarms and suppression
