Lesson 1Comprehensive history and focused physical exam for suspected colon cancerThis part stresses taking a full patient history and targeted body check for possible right colon cancer, highlighting warning signs, other health issues, fitness level, belly and rectal checks, and notes for surgery planning in local clinics.
Key symptom inquiry and red-flag featuresOncologic, surgical, and family history detailsMedication, allergy, and anticoagulant reviewPerformance status and frailty assessment toolsAbdominal and digital rectal examination pointsDocumenting findings for staging and planningLesson 2Cross-sectional imaging (CT abdomen/pelvis, CT chest, MRI indications) and staging interpretationThis part looks at best use of CT, MRI, and chest scans for suspected right colon cancer, focusing on stage accuracy, finding spread, blood vessel mapping, and how scan results guide surgery feasibility and plans in resource-limited areas.
CT abdomen/pelvis protocol and contrast timingCT chest for metastatic and pulmonary assessmentMRI indications for liver and local stagingRadiologic TNM staging and resectability criteriaIdentifying vascular variants relevant to surgeryLesson 3Cardiopulmonary risk assessment (ASA, METs, ECG, echo, stress testing indications)This part describes organized heart and lung risk checks, including ASA grade, METs, ECG, heart ultrasound, and stress tests, and how to use guideline-based needs into a simple plan for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy in Eritrean hospitals.
Assigning ASA class and documenting comorbiditiesEstimating METs and functional capacity in clinicBaseline ECG indications and interpretation pearlsWhen to order echocardiography preoperativelyStress testing indications and test selectionIntegrating findings into a risk stratification planLesson 4Antithrombotic management and perioperative anticoagulation strategiesThis part covers around-surgery handling of blood clot prevention and anticoagulant medicines, including new oral ones, warfarin, and heparin bridging, balancing clot and bleed risks, and working with heart specialists for tricky stent or valve cases.
Risk stratification for thrombosis and bleedingStopping and restarting antiplatelet therapyManaging warfarin and INR reversal optionsDOAC interruption schedules and renal functionHeparin bridging indications and protocolsCoordination with cardiology and hematologyLesson 5Nutritional assessment, prehabilitation, and anemia management protocolsThis part deals with food screening, muscle loss, pre-surgery fitness, and low blood management, including iron treatment, blood-making drugs, and blood transfusion limits, to cut problems and aid better recovery paths in local care.
Nutritional screening tools and sarcopenia detectionDietitian referral and optimization strategiesPrehabilitation: exercise and respiratory trainingIdentifying and classifying preoperative anemiaOral versus IV iron and timing before surgeryTransfusion thresholds and ESA use in oncologyLesson 6Preoperative labs: CBC, CMP, coagulation, tumor markers and when to repeatThis part lists key pre-surgery blood tests for right hemicolectomy, like full blood count, basic metabolic panel, clotting profile, and cancer markers, and sets when to redo or add tests based on other illnesses, time, and changing health.
Baseline CBC interpretation and red flagsCMP, renal function, and electrolyte correctionCoagulation profile and bleeding risk factorsCEA and other tumor markers in colon cancerTiming and indications to repeat abnormal labsAdditional tests for high-risk or frail patientsLesson 7Preoperative multidisciplinary coordination: oncology, anesthesiology, stoma therapy, geriatrics/medicineThis part describes team coordination before surgery, with cancer experts, anesthesia, stoma care, elderly care, and general medicine, to match staging, body-wide treatment, risk improvement, and after-surgery support for hard cases in Eritrea.
Indications for tumor board case discussionOncology input on neoadjuvant or adjuvant plansAnesthesiology assessment and optimization goalsStoma therapist evaluation and site markingGeriatrics and medicine comanagement strategiesCommunication and documentation across the teamLesson 8Patient counseling and consent: explaining benefits, risks, alternatives, and oncologic principlesThis part covers planned talks for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, explaining diagnosis, gains, dangers, options, cancer rules, stoma chances, and recording informed agreement suited to patient understanding and cultural ways in Eritrean context.
Explaining diagnosis and surgical objectivesDiscussing benefits and expected oncologic outcomesDetailing surgical and anesthesia-specific risksPresenting nonoperative and palliative alternativesDiscussing stoma risk and postoperative functionBest practices for consent documentation and witnessesLesson 9Interpreting colonoscopy findings, biopsy results, and tumor localizationThis part explains reading colonoscopy reports, tissue sample results, and tumor spot, including marking methods, matching with scans, and how scope findings affect removal size and lymph node removal planning for better outcomes.
Reading colonoscopy reports systematicallyAssessing lesion morphology and synchronous polypsBiopsy handling and key pathology elementsEndoscopic tattooing technique and pitfallsCorrelating endoscopy with cross-sectional imagingImpact on resection margins and lymph node field
