Lesson 1Residual limb examination: skin integrity, scars, neuroma signs, swelling, limb volume variability and measurement techniquesThis part centers on checking the residual limb, stressing skin check, scar movement, neuroma hints, swelling, limb size change, and standard measure ways to aid safe loading, socket fit choices, and lasting tissue care.
Skin color, integrity, and breakdown riskScar location, adherence, and mobility testsPalpation for neuroma and nerve tendernessEdema patterns and soft tissue consistencyCircumference and length measurement methodsMonitoring limb volume changes over timeLesson 2Functional mobility testing: timed up-and-go (TUG), 6-minute walk test, stair assessment, sit-to-stand measuresThis part lists function mobility tests for transtibial users, including TUG, 6-minute walk, stair handling, and sit-to-stand checks, with tips on setup, safety, meaning, and noting changes in recovery.
Timed Up and Go test setup and scoringSix-Minute Walk Test proceduresStair ascent and descent performanceSit-to-stand and transfer assessmentsUse of assistive devices during testsLesson 3Balance and proprioception testing: clinical tests (Berg Balance Scale items, single-leg stance, Limits of Stability) and instrumented measuresThis part explains balance and body-sense testing, covering clinic tools like Berg parts, one-leg stand, and Stability Limits, plus tool-based measures, to measure fall danger and guide aimed balance training.
Static standing balance observationsBerg Balance Scale item selectionSingle-leg stance and tandem stance testsLimits of Stability and weight shiftingInstrumented balance and sway measuresLesson 4Structured history-taking: surgical history, prosthetic history, pain characteristics, activity goals, and psychosocial factorsThis part shows how to gather focused history for transtibial prosthesis users, covering operation details, prosthetic use, pain types, daily tasks, taking part goals, and mind-social parts that shape recovery results and sticking.
Key surgical details and amputation etiologyPrevious prosthetic use and device changesPain type, intensity, triggers, and patternsActivity level, vocational and sport goalsPsychosocial context, mood, and supportLesson 5Joint range of motion and muscle length testing relevant to transtibial amputees (hip, knee, ankle/gastroc-soleus length)This part reviews joint movement range and muscle length checks for transtibial amputees, stressing hip, knee, and calf muscle length, shortening risk, test spots, and effects on walking and prosthetic alignment.
Hip flexion, extension, and rotation rangeKnee flexion and extension measurementGastrocnemius–soleus length assessmentStandardized goniometry positioningImpact of contractures on gait and fitLesson 6Assistive device and environmental assessment: cane/walker use, workplace demands, uneven terrain challengesThis part deals with checking aid devices and settings, including cane or walker fit, home and work needs, community ground, and travel wants, to ensure safe movement and real recovery planning.
Cane and walker selection and fittingHome layout, hazards, and accessibilityWorkplace physical demands and tasksCommunity terrain and outdoor challengesTransportation and public transit accessLesson 7Observation and static postural assessment with prosthesis on and off (pelvic alignment, limb length, contractures)This part covers step-by-step visual check with and without prosthesis, focusing on whole posture, pelvis line, limb size, shortenings, spine bends, and adjustment ways that may affect ease, walking work, and long joint health.
Posture with prosthesis donned and doffedPelvic tilt, obliquity, and rotation checksApparent and true limb length comparisonDetection of hip and knee flexion contracturesSpinal alignment and compensatory posturesLesson 8Muscle strength testing protocols for hip abductors/extensors, knee extensors, core and contralateral limbThis part details muscle power check methods for main groups, including hip side-movers and back-pushers, knee straighteners, core holders, and other limb, using hand tests and machines to guide exercise plans.
Hip abductor strength testing methodsHip extensor and gluteal strength checksKnee extensor and quadriceps assessmentCore stability and trunk strength testsContralateral limb strength comparisonLesson 9Gait analysis framework: observational checklist (stance/swing symmetry, step length, stance time, foot clearance), identifying prosthetic-related deviationsThis part offers a planned walking study frame, using watch lists for stand and swing evenness, step size, stand time, and foot lift, and links usual off-paths to possible prosthetic or body causes and care priorities.
Standardized observational gait checklistStance phase symmetry and stabilitySwing phase, foot clearance, and timingStep length and cadence comparisonsCommon transtibial gait deviationsLinking deviations to likely prosthetic causesLesson 10Prosthetic-specific checks: socket fit assessment, suspension performance, pressure mapping basics, alignment cues, prosthetic foot response, socks/liner fit and volume managementThis part details prosthetic-only checks, including socket fit, suspension work, pressure spread, alignment hints, foot action, and sock or liner handling, to tell prosthetic problems from body limits in checks.
Static and dynamic socket fit assessmentSuspension system function and pistoningPressure-sensitive and tolerant area reviewVisual and functional alignment indicatorsFoot rollover, heel response, and stabilitySock ply, liner fit, and volume strategies
