Lesson 1Assessing data quality: temporal, geographic, technological representativeness and uncertaintyThis part presents data quality checks for LCI, covering time, place, and tech match, fullness, accuracy, and doubt, and how to rate and note quality for bottle system data in Eritrean contexts.
Temporal representativeness and data ageGeographic coverage and regional relevanceTechnological representativeness of processesCompleteness and precision of inventory flowsQualitative scoring and uncertainty flagsLesson 2Transport modeling: modal choices, typical distances for North America and Europe, fuel and load factorsThis part explains modeling freight transport for bottle systems, choosing modes, estimating usual distances, and setting real fuel use, load factors, and return trip assumptions for regions like Eritrea.
Selecting relevant freight transport modesTypical road, rail, sea distances by regionEstimating fuel consumption and emission factorsModeling load factors and empty backhaulsAllocating transport to functional unitLesson 3Identifying required inventory flows: materials, energy, transport, water, wasteThis part introduces finding all needed inventory flows for bottle LCIs, including materials, energy, transport, water, emissions, and waste, ensuring fullness and match with functional unit in local settings.
Linking flows to the functional unitListing material inputs and auxiliary materialsIdentifying energy carriers and utilitiesCapturing transport, water, and emissionsChecking completeness and avoiding double countingLesson 4Using secondary datasets: ecoinvent, US LCI, ELCD, GaBi proxies — how to search and select matching processesThis part focuses on picking and using secondary LCI data from sources like ecoinvent, US LCI, ELCD, and GaBi, including search ways, proxy picks, metadata checks, and adapting to bottle needs in Eritrea.
Searching databases for matching processesInterpreting metadata and system boundariesChoosing and justifying proxy processesAdapting datasets to regional conditionsHandling cutoffs and allocation in datasetsLesson 5Documenting sources and citing datasets, papers, calculators, and government statisticsThis part explains openly noting all LCI sources, including databases, reviewed papers, industry reports, calculators, and government stats, and citing them steadily for repeatable bottle studies locally.
Creating a structured LCI data logReferencing LCI databases and versionsCiting peer‑reviewed and industry studiesUsing and documenting online calculatorsReferencing government and statistical dataLesson 6Modeling manufacturing processes: steel production, injection/stretch blow molding for PET, forming and finishingThis part covers modeling making processes for PET and stainless steel bottles, including steel routes, PET resin making, injection and stretch blow molding, forming, trimming, finishing, and scrap losses.
Steelmaking routes and alloy specificationsPET resin production and drying stepsInjection and stretch blow molding parametersForming, trimming, and surface finishingModeling scrap rates and material yield lossesLesson 7End-of-life pathways: recycling rates, mechanical recycling processes for PET and stainless steel, landfill, incineration with energy recoveryThis part explains modeling end-of-life for PET and stainless steel bottles, including local recycling rates, mechanical processes, landfill and incineration with energy recovery, and sharing benefits and loads.
Collecting regional recycling and disposal ratesModeling PET mechanical recycling processesModeling stainless steel recycling routesLandfill and incineration with energy recoveryAllocation approaches for recycling creditsLesson 8Estimating material composition and mass flows for stainless steel and PET bottlesThis part describes estimating material makeup and mass flows for PET and stainless steel bottles, including wall thickness, closures, labels, extra parts, and turning drawings into LCI inputs for Eritrea.
Interpreting drawings and specificationsEstimating PET and steel wall thicknessesAccounting for caps, labels, and coatingsConverting volumes to masses and densitiesBuilding mass balance tables for the LCILesson 9Use-phase modeling for reusable bottles: washing scenarios (hand vs. dishwasher), frequency of reuse, cleaning agents and hot water energyThis part details modeling use phase of reusable bottles, including washing times, hand vs. machine cleaning, hot water energy, detergent use, and user habits affecting LCI results in daily life.
Defining realistic reuse frequency scenariosHand washing water, energy, and detergent useDishwasher cycles, loading, and energy profilesModeling hot water generation and fuel mixesSensitivity analysis on user behavior patterns
