Aralin 1Residual limb examination: skin integrity, scars, neuroma signs, swelling, limb volume variability at measurement techniquesNakatuon ang seksyong ito sa residual limb examination, na nagbibigay-diin sa skin inspection, scar mobility, neuroma signs, edema, limb volume fluctuation, at standardized measurement techniques upang suportahan ang ligtas na loading, socket fit decisions, at long-term tissue health.
Skin color, integrity, at breakdown riskScar location, adherence, at mobility testsPalpation para sa neuroma at nerve tendernessEdema patterns at soft tissue consistencyCircumference at length measurement methodsMonitoring ng limb volume changes sa paglipas ng panahonAralin 2Functional mobility testing: timed up-and-go (TUG), 6-minute walk test, stair assessment, sit-to-stand measuresInilalahad ng seksyong ito ang functional mobility testing para sa transtibial users, kabilang ang TUG, 6-minute walk, stair negotiation, at sit-to-stand measures, na may gabay sa test setup, kaligtasan, interpretasyon, at pagdokumenta ng pagbabago sa rehabilitasyon.
Timed Up and Go test setup at scoringSix-Minute Walk Test proceduresStair ascent at descent performanceSit-to-stand at transfer assessmentsPaggamit ng assistive devices sa testsAralin 3Balance at proprioception testing: klinikal na tests (Berg Balance Scale items, single-leg stance, Limits of Stability) at instrumented measuresNagpapaliwanag ang seksyong ito ng balance at proprioception testing, na sumasaklaw sa klinikal na tools tulad ng Berg items, single-leg stance, at Limits of Stability, plus optional instrumented measures, upang kwantipikahan ang fall risk at gabayan ang targeted balance training.
Static standing balance observationsBerg Balance Scale item selectionSingle-leg stance at tandem stance testsLimits of Stability at weight shiftingInstrumented balance at sway measuresAralin 4Structured history-taking: surgical history, prosthetic history, pain characteristics, activity goals, at psychosocial factorsNagpapaliwanag ang seksyong ito kung paano mangolekta ng focused history para sa transtibial prosthesis users, na sumasaklaw sa surgery details, prosthetic use, pain patterns, daily activities, participation goals, at psychosocial aspects na nakakaapekto sa rehabilitasyon outcomes at pagsunod.
Key surgical details at amputation etiologyPrevious prosthetic use at device changesPain type, intensity, triggers, at patternsActivity level, vocational at sport goalsPsychosocial context, mood, at supportAralin 5Joint range of motion at muscle length testing na nauugnay sa transtibial amputees (hip, knee, ankle/gastroc-soleus length)Sinusuri ng seksyong ito ang joint range of motion at muscle length testing na nauugnay sa transtibial amputees, na nagbibigay-diin sa hip, knee, at gastrocnemius–soleus length, contracture risk, testing positions, at implikasyon sa gait at prosthetic alignment.
Hip flexion, extension, at rotation rangeKnee flexion at extension measurementGastrocnemius–soleus length assessmentStandardized goniometry positioningImpact of contractures sa gait at fitAralin 6Assistive device at environmental assessment: cane/walker use, workplace demands, uneven terrain challengesTinutukan ng seksyong ito ang assessment ng assistive devices at environments, kabilang ang cane o walker fit, home at workplace demands, community terrain, at transportation needs, upang tiyakin ang ligtas na mobility at realistic rehabilitasyon planning.
Cane at walker selection at fittingHome layout, hazards, at accessibilityWorkplace physical demands at tasksCommunity terrain at outdoor challengesTransportation at public transit accessAralin 7Observation at static postural assessment na may prosthesis on at off (pelvic alignment, limb length, contractures)Sumasaklaw ang seksyong ito sa systematic visual assessment na may o walang prosthesis, na nakatuon sa global posture, pelvic alignment, limb length, contractures, spinal curves, at compensatory strategies na maaaring makaapekto sa ginhawa, gait efficiency, at long-term joint health.
Posture na may prosthesis donned at doffedPelvic tilt, obliquity, at rotation checksApparent at true limb length comparisonDetection ng hip at knee flexion contracturesSpinal alignment at compensatory posturesAralin 8Muscle strength testing protocols para sa hip abductors/extensors, knee extensors, core at contralateral limbItinatampok ng seksyong ito ang muscle strength testing protocols para sa key muscle groups, kabilang ang hip abductors at extensors, knee extensors, core stabilizers, at contralateral limb, gamit ang manual testing at dynamometry upang gabayan ang exercise prescription.
Hip abductor strength testing methodsHip extensor at gluteal strength checksKnee extensor at quadriceps assessmentCore stability at trunk strength testsContralateral limb strength comparisonAralin 9Gait analysis framework: observational checklist (stance/swing symmetry, step length, stance time, foot clearance), pagkilala sa prosthetic-related deviationsIpapakita ng seksyong ito ang structured gait analysis framework, gamit ang observational checklists para sa stance at swing, step length, stance time, at foot clearance, at iniuugnay ang karaniwang deviations sa potensyal na prosthetic o physical causes at treatment priorities.
Standardized observational gait checklistStance phase symmetry at stabilitySwing phase, foot clearance, at timingStep length at cadence comparisonsCommon transtibial gait deviationsPag-uugnay ng deviations sa likely prosthetic causesAralin 10Prosthetic-specific checks: socket fit assessment, suspension performance, pressure mapping basics, alignment cues, prosthetic foot response, socks/liner fit at volume managementItinatampok ng seksyong ito ang prosthetic-specific checks, kabilang ang socket fit, suspension function, pressure distribution, alignment cues, foot behavior, at sock o liner management, upang makilala ang prosthetic issues mula sa physical impairments sa assessment.
Static at dynamic socket fit assessmentSuspension system function at pistoningPressure-sensitive at tolerant area reviewVisual at functional alignment indicatorsFoot rollover, heel response, at stabilitySock ply, liner fit, at volume strategies
