Aralin 1Detalyadong kasaysayan ng ngipin at pagtatanong sa sintomas (huling dental visit, nakaraang treatments, sakit, sensitivity)Ipinaliliwanag ng seksyong ito kung paano makapagkuha ng naka-focus na kasaysayan ng ngipin, kabilang ang chief complaint, nakaraang treatments, at nakaraang komplikasyon, upang makilala ang mga risk factors, gabayan ang mga prayoridad ng pagsusuri, at bumuo ng rapport sa pasyente.
Chief complaint at history of present illnessPrevious dental care at treatment outcomesPain, sensitivity, at functional limitationsDental anxiety, expectations, at past traumaSelf-care habits at use of dental productsAralin 2Pangkalahatang-ideya ng hard tissue at occlusion (restorations, wear, malocclusion, signs of bruxism)Pinag-uukulan ng seksyong ito ang pagsusuri ng ngipin at occlusion, kabilang ang restorations, caries, wear facets, mobility, at malocclusion, pati na rin ang mga clinical signs ng bruxism na maaaring makaapekto sa periodontal status at preventive planning.
Charting restorations at existing defectsScreening for caries at demineralizationTooth wear, erosion, at abrasion patternsOcclusal relationships at malocclusion signsIndicators of bruxism at parafunctional habitsAralin 3Maayusang tanong sa medical history (systemic conditions, medications, allergies, pregnancy)Nakatuon ang seksyong ito sa maayusang pagkuha ng medical history, kabilang ang systemic diseases, medications, allergies, at pregnancy, na binibigyang-diin ang kaugnayan sa oral findings, bleeding risk, at pangangailangan ng medical consultation.
Cardiovascular, endocrine, at bleeding disordersRespiratory, renal, at hepatic conditionsMedication review at oral side effectsAllergies, adverse reactions, at alertsPregnancy, lactation, at ASA classificationAralin 4Caries risk screening at xerostomia assessment (diet review, salivary factors, medication effects)Ipinalalathala ng seksyong ito ang caries risk at xerostomia screening, na pinagsasama ang diet analysis, salivary flow at quality, at medication review upang ikategorya ang risk levels at suportahan ang personalisadong preventive at remineralization plans.
Dietary recall at fermentable carbohydrate intakeSalivary flow observation at simple testsMedications associated with dry mouthRisk categorization at documentationPreventive strategies for high-risk patientsAralin 5Mga paraan ng periodontal screening (PSR/Williams probe basics, probing technique, interpreting pocket depths at bleeding on probing)Ipinakikilala ng seksyong ito ang mga tool at technique ng periodontal screening, kabilang ang PSR at Williams probes, tamang probing angulation at force, at interpretation ng pocket depths, bleeding, at furcations upang makilala ang periodontal risk.
Probe design, markings, at calibrationProbing technique at controlled pressureRecording pocket depths at recessionBleeding on probing at inflammation signsPSR coding at referral thresholdsAralin 6Intraoral soft tissue exam (mucosa, tongue, floor of mouth, salivary glands, oral lesions)Tinutukan ng seksyong ito ang stepwise intraoral soft tissue exam, na binibigyang-diin ang systematic visualization at palpation ng mucosa, tongue, floor of mouth, at salivary glands upang matukoy ang lesions, infections, at maagang signs ng oral cancer.
Systematic inspection sequence at lightingLabial at buccal mucosa assessmentTongue, floor of mouth, at ventral surfacesSalivary gland function at duct patencyRecognition at description of oral lesionsAralin 7Extraoral examination checklist (facial symmetry, lymph nodes, TMJ screening, lips at skin)Idinidetalye ng seksyong ito ang systematic extraoral exam, kabilang ang visual inspection at palpation ng head at neck, upang matukoy ang abnormalities sa symmetry, lymph nodes, TMJ, lips, at skin na maaaring magpahiwatig ng local o systemic disease.
Observation of posture at facial symmetryPalpation of cervical at submandibular nodesTMJ screening for pain, sounds, at rangeInspection of lips, perioral skin, at vermilionDocumentation at referral of abnormal findingsAralin 8Behavioral at lifestyle questionnaire (tobacco, alcohol, diet, oral hygiene routines, anxiety at cost concerns)Ipinaliliwanag ng seksyong ito kung paano magsagawa ng respectful lifestyle interview, na nag-e-explore ng tobacco, alcohol, diet, oral hygiene routines, at financial o anxiety barriers, upang i-customize ang preventive advice at suportahan ang behavior change.
Tobacco at nicotine product assessmentAlcohol intake at binge patternsDietary habits at sugar exposure timingHome oral hygiene tools at techniquesAnxiety, cost concerns, at access barriersAralin 9Basic chairside assessment ng plaque, calculus, at gingival inflammation (visual grading, disclosing use, plaque index concepts)Inilalahad ng seksyong ito ang chairside evaluation ng plaque, calculus, at gingival inflammation gamit ang visual inspection, disclosing agents, at basic plaque index concepts upang kwantipikahan ang biofilm levels at hikayatin ang patient education.
Visual detection ng plaque at calculusUse of disclosing agents for biofilm mappingSimplified plaque index recordingGingival color, contour, at bleeding signsPatient communication using plaque scores
