Lesson 1Principles of balanced anesthesia and multimodal analgesia for dogs and catsThis part gives rules for even sleep and many-way pain control, mixing calmers, pain killers, local stops, and extras to cut gas needs, make steady, and boost ease in dog and cat neuter cases.
Concept of balanced anesthesia in neuteringDesigning multimodal analgesia plansReducing inhalant MAC with adjunct drugsCombining systemic and local techniquesProtocol examples for dogs and catsEvaluating depth versus analgesia adequacyLesson 2Analgesic dosing in dogs versus cats and timing for pre-emptive analgesiaThis part compares pain medicine amounts and times in dogs and cats, stressing kind differences, early giving, repeat times, and mixing with local stops to keep good pain hold around neuter cuts.
Species differences in opioid dosingNSAID selection and dose adjustmentsTiming of pre-emptive analgesic administrationRedosing intervals and duration of effectCombining systemic drugs with local blocksAvoiding overdose and drug stacking errorsLesson 3Perioperative analgesia: opioids, NSAIDs, local blocks (e.g., intratesticular, spermatic cord, line blocks), and adjunctsThis part looks at pain control around surgery for neutering, covering strong pain meds and anti-swells, local numb ways like inside ball and cord stops, line blocks, plus extras like calm drug and numb drips for many-way pain hold.
Opioid choices for intraoperative analgesiaNSAID timing, selection, and safety checksIntratesticular and spermatic cord blocksLine blocks for ovariohysterectomy incisionsAdjunct infusions: ketamine and lidocaineMonitoring for local anesthetic toxicityLesson 4Recovery and post-anesthetic monitoring: criteria for extubation, pain scoring, and when to escalate careThis part explains safe wake up after neutering, with tube out rules, pain score ways, body heat keep, and when to step up care or sleep again, making smooth move from sleep to full walk.
Extubation criteria and airway protectionPositioning, thermoregulation, and nursing careUse of pain scales in dogs and catsRecognizing dysphoria versus true painWhen to escalate monitoring or re-anesthetizeDischarge criteria and client instructionsLesson 5Managing anesthesia-related complications: hypotension, hypoventilation, bradycardia, arrhythmias, hypothermiaThis part handles seeing and fixing common sleep problems in neutering, like low blood pressure, slow breath, slow heart, wrong beats, and cold body, with step fixes and rules to stop the work.
Identifying and treating hypotensionApproach to hypoventilation and apneaBradycardia: when to treat and howRecognition and response to arrhythmiasPrevention and treatment of hypothermiaWhen to pause or abort the procedureLesson 6Monitoring during anesthesia: parameters (HR, RR, SpO2, EtCO2, blood pressure, temperature), equipment and interpretationThis part covers watch during cut for neutering, with heart rate, breath rate, oxygen in blood, end breath gas, blood pressure, body heat, with help on tool set, fix issues, and read to find early sleep problems.
ECG and heart rate monitoring basicsRespiratory rate, capnography, and EtCO2Pulse oximetry setup and artifact handlingNoninvasive and invasive blood pressureTemperature monitoring and active warmingRecording trends and responding to changesLesson 7Induction agents: propofol, alfaxalone, ketamine combinations—indications and dosing examplesThis part gives sleep start medicine choices for neutering, like propofol, alfaxalone, and calm drug mixes, with when to use, no-go, amount samples, slow give ways, and changes for weak or young patients.
Propofol dosing and titration to effectAlfaxalone protocols in dogs and catsKetamine-benzodiazepine combinationsInduction in pediatric and geriatric patientsManaging hypotension during inductionIV access, preoxygenation, and airway controlLesson 8Maintenance strategies: inhalant anesthesia (isoflurane/sevoflurane) vs TIVA—settings and practical considerationsThis part compares gas keep with isoflurane or sevoflurane to full vein sleep, talking vapor set, drip ways, tool needs, and real choices for neutering in different clinic spots.
Setting and adjusting vaporizer concentrationsCircuit choice and fresh gas flow ratesTIVA protocols and infusion calculationsTransitioning between TIVA and inhalantsManaging depth changes during surgeryEquipment checks and oxygen supply planningLesson 9Premedication options: sedatives, analgesics, anticholinergics—drug choices, routes, and dose rangesThis part looks at before meds plan for neutering, covering calmers, pain killers, heart helpers, extras, stressing pick, ways to give, amount ranges, and fit to patient state and cut time.
Choosing sedatives by temperament and healthOpioid selection and dose rangesAlpha-2 agonists: pros, cons, and reversalsAnticholinergic indications and contraindicationsIM, IV, SC, and oral premedication routesAdjusting doses for age and ASA status
