Lesson 1When to refer and collaborative care models: criteria for urgent psychiatric referral, outpatient therapy referral, collaborative care integration with school and community resourcesExplains when for urgent, regular, and special referrals, outlines team care models linking basic care, mind doctors, school, and community help, and gives steps for shared plans and talks in South Sudan.
Red flags requiring urgent psychiatric referralIndications for routine therapy referralDesigning shared care plans with specialistsWorking with school-based mental health teamsPartnering with community and youth servicesLesson 2Follow-up, documentation, and safety planning: follow-up intervals, relapse prevention, documentation templates, crisis resource planningAddresses planning check-up visits, watching signs and daily life, noting checks and plans, making personal safety plans, and giving crisis contacts and ways to stop relapses for teens and families.
Setting follow-up intervals by risk levelTracking symptoms with brief rating scalesKey elements of clear clinical documentationDeveloping written safety plans with teensCrisis lines, apps, and local emergency optionsRelapse prevention and early warning signsLesson 3Focused psychosocial history: symptom onset, sleep, appetite, concentration, school functioning, relationships, substance use, family history of mental illness or suicideGuides focused mind and social history, including when signs start, sleep, eating, focus, school work, relations, bad habits, and family mind illness or self-harm history to help diagnose and check risks.
Clarifying symptom onset, duration, and triggersAssessing sleep, appetite, and energy changesSchool performance, attendance, and bullyingPeer, family, and online relationship stressorsScreening for substance use and risky behaviorsFamily history of mental illness and suicideLesson 4Epidemiology and how presentations differ by age and sex, common comorbidities (substance use, ADHD)Reviews how common teen anxiety and depression is in South Sudan, how signs differ by age and gender, and links with ADHD, bad habits, and others to guide checks and early help in clinics.
Prevalence and global burden in adolescentsAge-specific symptom patterns 12–14 vs 15–18Sex differences in presentation and help-seekingOverlap with ADHD and learning disordersLinks with substance use and risk behaviorsLesson 5Validated screening tools and administration: PHQ-A/PHQ-9 modified for adolescents, GAD-7, Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), usage and scoringCovers picking and using PHQ-A, teen PHQ-9, GAD-7, and C-SSRS, including scoring, meaning, culture issues, and putting results into care decisions and talks with families in South Sudan.
Choosing tools for anxiety versus depressionAdministering PHQ-A and teen PHQ-9Using and interpreting the GAD-7 in teensColumbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale basicsScoring, cutoffs, and false positive handlingCommunicating results to adolescents and parentsLesson 6Pharmacologic strategies and monitoring: SSRIs with evidence in adolescents (fluoxetine, escitalopram), dosing principles, side effect monitoring, black-box concerns and informed consentReviews proven SSRI use in teens, including when to use, picking medicine, doses and increases, watching side effects and self-harm risks, warning talks, and team decisions with teens and caregivers.
When to start medication versus wait or referChoosing between fluoxetine and escitalopramStarting doses, titration, and trial durationMonitoring side effects and activationDiscussing black-box warnings and consentCombining SSRIs with psychotherapy effectivelyLesson 7Initial nonpharmacologic management: cognitive behavioral therapy fundamentals, brief behavioral interventions in primary care, parental involvement and school liaisonExplores first non-medicine ways, including CBT basics, short helps in basic care, motivation ways, mind education, and working with parents, schools, and community in South Sudan.
Explaining diagnosis and normalizing help-seekingCore CBT concepts for anxiety and depressionBrief behavioral strategies in short visitsEngaging parents as therapeutic partnersCoordinating with school counselors and staffWhen to add structured psychotherapy referralLesson 8Safety assessment and suicide risk triage: direct questions about self-harm, plans, means, protective factors, when to enact emergency protocolsDetails structured self-harm risk check, including straight questions on thoughts, plans, ways, good factors, risk level, and when to start emergency or higher care in local settings.
Creating a safe, private interview settingDirect questions on ideation, intent, and plansAssessing access to means and recent behaviorsEvaluating protective and buffering factorsRisk stratification and triage decisionsIndications for emergency referral or hold
