Lesson 1Integration of reversible causes (Hs and Ts) into resuscitation and targeted diagnosticsThis part stresses finding and fixing fixable reasons for heart stop using the Hs and Ts guide, mixing side-bed checks, aimed fixes, and ongoing checks to sort out root problems and better revival results in the field.
Systematic review of Hs and Ts causesBedside clues to hypoxia and hypovolemiaRecognizing acidosis, hypo/hyperkalemiaIdentifying tension pneumothorax and tamponadeSuspecting toxins, thrombosis, and traumaUsing ultrasound and labs to guide treatmentLesson 2Defibrillation protocols: PAD, immediate analysis, shock intervals, energy settingsThis part explains safe and good shock treatment, covering PAD use, fast heart rhythm check, shockable vs non-shockable choices, energy picks for single and double phase machines, shock timing, and cutting short pauses before and after shocks.
Indications for defibrillation in cardiac arrestPAD setup, pad placement, and safety checksImmediate rhythm analysis and shock decisionsEnergy settings for biphasic and monophasicCoordinating shocks with ongoing compressionsPost-shock rhythm reassessment and actionsLesson 3Vascular access and medication delivery: IV/IO placement, drug selection, dosing, timing for epinephrine, amiodarone/lidocaineThis part covers setting up IV or IO lines during heart stop, picking right spots and tools, choosing and measuring revival drugs, timing adrenaline and heart rhythm drugs, and making sure safe, exact drug giving and recording.
Choosing IV versus IO access during arrestIV and IO insertion sites and techniquesEpinephrine dosing and timing by rhythmAmiodarone and lidocaine indicationsFlushing, infusion, and line patency checksMedication tracking and double-check systemsLesson 4Immediate scene management and 60-second primary actions (scene safety, call for help, BLS chain activation)This part details the first minute at the scene, stressing worker safety, fast heart stop spotting, starting basic life support chain, early call to emergency services, and quick life-saving steps to avoid delays in good chest presses and shocks.
Scene safety and personal protective equipmentRapid assessment of responsiveness and breathingActivating EMS and BLS response systemsPositioning patient and preparing for CPRCoordinating bystanders during first minuteLesson 5High-performance BLS: compression rate, depth, hand placement, minimizing interruptionsThis part centers on giving top basic life support, with right press speed, depth, bounce back, and hand spots, cutting pauses, mixing breaths, switching pressers, and using feedback tools to best blood flow during stoppage.
Optimal compression rate and depth targetsCorrect hand placement and body mechanicsEnsuring full chest recoil and avoiding leaningMinimizing pauses and managing rhythm checksCoordinating compressions with ventilationsUsing CPR feedback devices and metronomesLesson 6Cardiac rhythm recognition and algorithm application: VF/VT, PEA, asystole decision pathwaysThis part trains students to spot main stop rhythms like VF, no-pulse VT, PEA, and flatline, and use advanced life support guides, mixing rhythm checks, shock choices, drug timing, and ongoing checks in a planned way.
ECG features of VF and pulseless VTIdentifying PEA and true asystoleShockable versus nonshockable pathwaysTiming rhythm checks with compressionsIntegrating drugs into rhythm algorithmsCommon rhythm interpretation pitfallsLesson 7Advanced airway management in ALS: indications, sequence (OPA/NPA, SAD, endotracheal intubation), confirmation and continuous waveform capnographyThis part covers advanced breathing path choices in advanced life support, with signs, step-by-step use of mouth guards, nose guards, and above-glottis tools, tube insertion method, check with ongoing wave capnography, and fixing breathing issues.
Selecting basic versus advanced airway devicesOPA and NPA sizing, insertion, and pitfallsSupraglottic airway placement and fixationEndotracheal intubation steps and safetyWaveform capnography for tube confirmationManaging airway obstruction and dislodgementLesson 8Termination of resuscitation: criteria, documentation, family communication, and safe handover to emergency departmentThis part explains when and how to end revival efforts, with health and law rules, planned recording, kind family talk, and safe, teamed handoff to emergency room or other care groups in the field.
Field and in-hospital termination criteriaAssessing futility and likelihood of survivalRequired medical and legal documentationCommunicating death and prognosis to familiesCoordinating handover with emergency departmentLesson 9Team roles, closed-loop communication, leadership during resuscitation, task allocation and timingThis part builds strong revival teams, focusing on clear job giving, closed-loop talk, leader actions, task order, timing of key fixes, and review talks to better work and patient results in crises.
Assigning clear roles before and during arrestPrinciples of closed-loop communicationLeadership behaviors under high stressCoordinating tasks and intervention timingManaging conflicts and cognitive overloadStructured post-event debriefing methods
