Lesson 1Fillers, anti-redeposition agents, and soil-release polymers: roles in keeping fabrics cleanDis one explore how fillers dey dilute and stabilize detergents, how anti-redeposition agents dey keep loosened soil suspended, and how soil-release polymers dey modify fiber surfaces to improve cleaning and prevent graying.
Roles of inert fillers in powder detergentsAnti-redeposition polymers and soil suspensionSoil-release finishes on polyester fabricsImpact on graying, dinginess, and whitenessFormulation limits and interaction with surfactantsLesson 2Fragrances, preservatives, and sensitizers: common allergens and how they cause skin irritationDis analyze fragrance, preservative, and sensitizing ingredients for laundry products. E highlight common allergens, exposure routes, and mechanisms of irritation, plus strategies for people wey get sensitive skin.
Fragrance types and encapsulated scent systemsCommon fragrance allergens and labeling termsPreservatives used in liquid detergentsContact dermatitis and sensitization pathwaysChoosing low-allergen or fragrance-free productsLesson 3Surfactants: types, mechanisms, and common examples (anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric)Dis cover major surfactant classes, dia molecular structure, and how dem dey lower surface tension, emulsify oils, and remove particulate soil. E compare cleaning performance, foaming, and fabric or skin compatibility.
Hydrophilic–lipophilic balance and micelle formationAnionic surfactants for heavy soil removalNonionic surfactants for low-foam cleaningCationic surfactants and fabric conditioningAmphoteric surfactants and mild formulationsLesson 4Builders and water softening agents: phosphates, zeolites, citrates, sodium carbonate — how they sequester hardness ionsDis explain how builders and softeners dey bind calcium and magnesium, prevent precipitates, and boost surfactant efficiency. E compare phosphates, zeolites, citrates, and carbonates in modern detergent design.
Hard water ions and soap scum formationPhosphate builders and environmental limitsZeolites as ion-exchange softening agentsCitrate and carbonate as eco-friendlier optionsInteractions with surfactants and enzymesLesson 5Optical brighteners and whiteners: chemistry, benefits, and risks to fabrics and skinDis cover di chemistry of optical brighteners, how dem dey absorb and emit light, and why dem dey enhance perceived whiteness. E discuss fabric buildup, color shifts, and potential skin or environmental concerns.
Fluorescence and blue light emissionBrightener types used in detergentsDeposition on cotton vs syntheticsLong-term buildup and graying effectsAllergy, safety, and environmental aspectsLesson 6Fabric damage mechanisms: abrasion, pilling, fiber weakening from chemicals and temperatureDis examine how washing actions, chemicals, and heat dey damage fibers over time. E detail abrasion, pilling, color loss, and chemical weakening, and link dis mechanisms to wash parameters and product choices.
Mechanical stress from drum motion and load sizePilling on cotton, wool, and syntheticsChemical hydrolysis and oxidation of fibersThermal damage from hot water and dryingBalancing cleaning power with fabric longevityLesson 7Bleaching agents: chlorine vs oxygen bleaches, safe use on cotton and syntheticsDis detail chlorine and oxygen bleach chemistry, stain removal pathways, and whitening effects. E explain fabric compatibility, colorfastness testing, and safe use on cotton, synthetics, and blended textiles.
Oxidation mechanisms of common bleachesChlorine bleach uses, limits, and corrosion riskOxygen bleach for colors and delicatesTemperature and pH effects on bleach actionSafe dosing, mixing, and storage practicesLesson 8pH in detergents: alkaline vs neutral formulations and effects on soils and fibersDis explore how detergent pH dey influence soil removal, dye stability, and fiber integrity. E compare alkaline and near-neutral systems, and explain buffering, rinsing behavior, and skin compatibility issues.
Typical pH ranges in powder and liquid detergentsAlkalinity and removal of fatty and protein soilsNeutral and mild pH for delicates and woolpH effects on dyes, finishes, and shrinkageRinse pH, skin comfort, and irritation riskLesson 9Interpreting product labels: active ingredients, concentration indicators, and safety statements (R- and H-phrases)Dis teach how to read detergent and additive labels, focusing on active ingredients, concentration cues, hazard symbols, and precautionary phrases, so you fit do safer, evidence-based product comparison.
Identifying surfactants, builders, and enzymesConcentration indicators and dosing guidanceHazard pictograms and signal wordsH-phrases, precautionary, and warning textUsing label data to compare product strengthLesson 10Enzymes in detergents: protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase — functions and temperature/activity rangesDis describe key detergent enzymes, dia target stains, and optimal conditions. E cover protease, amylase, lipase, and cellulase, including stability, temperature ranges, and fabric care implications.
Proteases for protein stains like bloodAmylases for starch-based food residuesLipases for oily and greasy soil removalCellulases for color renewal and fuzz removalEnzyme stability, pH, and temperature windows
