Lesson 1Path of radial nerve in di axilla and upper arm: relations to axillary vessels, humeral head, and latissimus dorsiHere we trace di radial nerve in di axilla and upper arm, explaining its connection to di axillary artery, humeral head, latissimus dorsi, and surrounding tissues, with focus on places where it can be compressed, risk from injury, and paths for surgical access.
Relations to axillary artery and veinCourse around humeral head and neckRelations to latissimus dorsi and teres majorFascial tunnels and potential compression sitesSurgical approaches in the proximal armLesson 2Key landmarks for bedside finding and surgical access: lateral epicondyle, radial head, spiral groove, supinator tunnelDis part points out reliable surface and deep landmarks for locating di radial nerve and its branches, helping bedside exams, ultrasound, and surgical access around di lateral epicondyle, radial head, spiral groove, and supinator tunnel.
Palpation of lateral epicondyle and radial headLocating the spiral groove on the humerusIdentifying the supinator tunnel regionUltrasound landmarks for radial branchesSafe windows for surgical approachesLesson 3Important small-scale anatomy: epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium, vasa nervorum and effects on injury and healingWe explain di small-scale structure of di radial nerve, including epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium, and blood vessels, showing how dese layers react to stretching, pressing, and cutting, and how dey influence regrowth, neuroma formation, and repair methods.
Epineurial structure and surgical handlingPerineurium and fascicular organizationEndoneurial tubes and axonal supportVasa nervorum and ischemic vulnerabilityMicroanatomy and regeneration patternsLesson 4Brachial plexus roots and contribution to radial nerve (C5–T1): posterior cord formation and anatomical variationsDis part reviews how C5–T1 roots make di posterior cord and radial nerve, pointing out positions in di neck and axilla, common variations, and how dese affect weakness, feeling loss, and electrical test results.
C5–T1 root contributions to radial nerveTopography of trunks, divisions, and cordsPosterior cord formation and branching patternCommon root and cord anatomical variantsClinical impact of high or low root lesionsLesson 5Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN): entry through supinator (arcade of Frohse), motor branches to forearm extensors, typical branching patternHere we look at di posterior interosseous nerve, from entering through di supinator and arcade of Frohse to its motor branches for forearm extensors, describing usual and varied branching and their role in specific weaknesses and surgical plans.
Entry beneath ECRB to supinatorArcade of Frohse anatomy and variantsIntramuscular course within supinatorMotor branches to wrist and finger extensorsPatterns in selective PIN palsiesLesson 6Spiral (radial) groove anatomy: position relative to humerus, branches to triceps and anconeus, vascular relationsDis part studies di spiral groove part, describing its place on di back of di humerus, connections to triceps and anconeus branches, nearby blood vessels, and why dis area is at risk in breaks, trapping, and operations.
Surface and radiographic localizationRelations to triceps and anconeus branchesContact with posterior humeral cortexRadial collateral and profunda brachii vesselsRisk zones in humeral shaft fracturesLesson 7Terminal motor and sensory areas: extensor compartment muscles, triceps, brachioradialis, anconeus, finger extensors, and dorsal hand sensory mapDis part maps end motor and sensory areas, linking each radial nerve branch to specific extensor muscles, triceps, brachioradialis, anconeus, and back hand skin areas, to help exact bedside locating and electrical test reading.
Motor map of triceps and anconeusInnervation of wrist and finger extensorsBrachioradialis and ECRL innervation zonesDorsal hand and thumb sensory territoriesPatterns of overlap with median and ulnarLesson 8Common anatomical variations affecting clinical signs: high bifurcation, accessory branches, variable innervation of brachioradialis and ECUWe review common variations in radial nerve anatomy, including high splitting, extra branches, and changing supply to brachioradialis and ECU, stressing how dese change clinical signs, nerve conduction tests, and surgical hopes.
High radial bifurcation patternsAccessory branches to triceps or brachialisVariable innervation of brachioradialisECU and ECRB innervation variantsImpact on EMG and nerve conduction testsLesson 9Division at lateral epicondyle/elbow: superficial sensory branch and deep branch (posterior interosseous nerve) anatomical detailsWe check di radial nerve split near di lateral epicondyle, comparing di superficial sensory branch and deep motor branch (PIN), their bundle setup, relations to di radial head, and effects for trapping, injections, and surgical release.
Anatomy at the lateral epicondyleBranching into superficial and deep branchesRelations to radial head and joint capsuleFascicular topography at the bifurcationEntrapment and iatrogenic injury risksLesson 10Forearm path of superficial branch: subcutaneous route, branches to dorsum of hand and anatomic snuffboxDis part follows di superficial radial nerve along di forearm, detailing its under-skin path, tissue layers, branches to di back of di hand and snuffbox, and how dis anatomy guides feeling tests, blocks, and surgical cuts.
Course deep to brachioradialisTransition to subcutaneous positionBranches to dorsum of hand and fingersAnatomic snuffbox relations and branchesSites of Wartenberg syndrome compression
