Lesson 1Flow and speed control components: flow control valves, needle valves, one-way flow controls, quick exhaust valvesYou go learn how flow and speed control devices shape actuator motion. Di section compare needle valves, one-way flow controls, and quick exhaust valves, with guidance on meter-in versus meter-out setups to make tings work smooth.
Needle valves versus flow control valvesMeter-in versus meter-out configurationsOne-way flow controls for cylinder speedQuick exhaust valves for fast retractionAvoiding instability and stick-slip motionLesson 2Air preparation units: filter, regulator, lubricator (FRL) functions and selection guidelinesDis section explain FRL unit roles in protecting pneumatic systems. You go learn how filters, regulators, and lubricators work, how to size dem, and how to select layouts wey match air quality and flow demands for better performance.
Filter grades and water removal methodsRegulator types, ranges, and droop behaviorLubricator principles and when to avoid oilSizing FRLs for flow and pressure stabilityFRL placement, bypass, and maintenance plansLesson 3Basic properties of compressed air: pressure, flow, temperature, compressibility, units (psi, bar, l/min)Dis section review key properties of compressed air and dia units. You go connect pressure, flow, temperature, and compressibility to real behaviors in circuits, including pressure drop and energy use in practical work.
Gauge versus absolute pressure conceptsFlow units: l/min, SCFM, and NL/minTemperature effects on density and moistureCompressibility and pressure drop basicsEnergy use and leakage impact on costsLesson 4Sensors and feedback devices: pneumatic and electronic proximity sensors, mechanical limit switches, cushioning switchesDis section present common pneumatic sensing and feedback options. You go compare mechanical, pneumatic, and electronic devices, and learn how to mount, protect, and wire dem for reliable position signals in dia systems.
Mechanical limit switches and camsPneumatic signal sensors and logic useMagnetic proximity and reed sensorsElectronic proximity and analog feedbackMounting, wiring, and protection practicesLesson 5Pneumatic actuator types: single-acting vs double-acting cylinders, rodless cylinders, guided cylinders, cushioning and mounting stylesYou go explore major pneumatic actuator types and dia uses. Di section compare single-acting, double-acting, rodless, and guided cylinders, including cushioning, mounting, and selection trade-offs for different jobs.
Single-acting versus double-acting cylindersRodless cylinders for long strokesGuided cylinders for side load controlAdjustable cushioning and end stopsMounting styles and alignment issuesLesson 6Valve types and functions: 2/2, 3/2, 4/2, 5/2 directional control valves, pilot-operated vs direct-acting, spring return vs detentedDis section explain common directional valve symbols and functions. You go compare 2/2, 3/2, 4/2, and 5/2 valves, direct-acting versus pilot-operated designs, and spring return versus detented actuation for control.
Reading valve porting and position symbols2/2 and 3/2 valves for on-off and actuation4/2 and 5/2 valves for cylinder controlDirect-acting versus pilot-operated valvesSpring return, detented, and manual overridesLesson 7Force and stroke calculations: converting pressure to force, effective piston area, accounting for push/pull force differences and frictionYou go learn how to convert pressure into usable force and stroke work. Di section cover piston area, push versus pull force, friction allowances, and safety factors used when sizing cylinders for applications.
Calculating piston and annulus areasConverting pressure to theoretical forceAccounting for friction and efficiency lossPush versus pull force and rod bucklingStroke length, work, and safety factorsLesson 8Pressure safety components: pressure relief valves, safety valves, and pressure switchesHere you study devices wey protect people and equipment from overpressure. Di section compare relief valves, safety valves, and pressure switches, covering setpoint choice, installation, testing, and applicable standards.
Functions of relief and safety valvesPressure switch types and contact logicSelecting setpoints and blowdown marginsInstallation rules for discharge pipingInspection, testing, and documentationLesson 9Materials and fittings: tubing materials, fittings, lubricants, seals compatibility and contamination considerationsDis section cover tubing, fittings, seals, and lubricants used in pneumatics. You go compare materials, pressure ratings, and chemical compatibility, and learn how contamination and poor selection reduce system life.
Tubing materials, ratings, and bend limitsPush-in, compression, and threaded fittingsSeal materials and media compatibilityLubricant types and interaction with sealsContamination sources and cleanliness controlLesson 10Common cylinder sizes and typical force ranges for small press-fit applications (approx. values for 1/4"–1" bore)Here you relate bore size to achievable force for small press-fit tasks. Di section provide approximate force tables for 1/4"–1" bores, discuss stroke limits, and highlight safety margins and fixture stiffness.
Typical bores from 1/4 inch to 1 inchForce estimates at common supply pressuresEffect of stroke and speed on press qualityGuiding, fixturing, and side load limitsSafety margins for repeatable press forces
