Lesson 1Standardised views and sequence: lung zones (anterior/lateral/posterior as feasible), cardiac FoCUS, IVC, focused lower-extremity venous examDescribes practical, repeatable scan steps for short breath patients, covering front, side, and back lung areas if possible, then focused heart views, big vein check, and targeted leg vein exam to smooth work flow.
Front and side lung area scan planBack lung check when place allowsFocused heart views order in shaky patientsBig vein imaging in combined examFocused leg vein press orderLesson 2Clinical priorities for acute dyspnoea with heart failure history: hypoxia, pulmonary oedema, cardiogenic shock, thromboembolismOutlines quick priorities in short breath heart weak patients, using POCUS to fast check low oxygen, lung water, heart shock, and clots, mixing clinic data to guide sorting, steadying, and stepping up care.
Starting air, breath, blood flow checkPOCUS for quick low oxygen and shock sortingTelling heart from non-heart lung waterScreening right heart strain and clotsRisk sorting and place choicesLesson 3Machine settings for lung and cardiac imaging: depth, harmonics, lung presets, cardiac presetsCovers tuning ultrasound machine for lung and heart pictures, like depth, brightness, wave boosts, settings, and save, to better see water lines, lung surfaces, heart rooms, and big vein moves in tough patients.
Depth and focus tunes for lung and surfaceBrightness, range, and time-bright adjustWave boosts and false image tunesPicking and changing lung and heart settingsPicture labels, clips, and record tunesLesson 4Common limitations and pitfalls: B-line aetiologies beyond cardiogenic oedema, body habitus and probe limitations, false-negative DVT scansHandles usual limits and traps in lung-heart-vein POCUS, like non-heart water line causes, body build and probe limits, partial vein checks, and mind bias, with ways to cut false comfort and wrong diagnosis.
Non-heart causes of spread water linesBig body and under-skin air effectsSpotting partial or poor vein scansDodging too much trust in one POCUS findLists, second looks, and recordsLesson 5POCUS targets: lung comet-tail B-lines, pleural effusion, cardiac function, IVC and lower extremity DVT scanningDetails key POCUS aims in sudden short breath: lung water tails and surface water, overall and spotty heart work, and big vein and leg vein scans to find block, right heart strain, and leg clots adding to symptoms.
Scanning for tail water lines and dry patternsFinding and describing surface waterFocused left and right heart pump checkBig vein size and squeeze for fluid stateLeg vein clot press planLesson 6Management decisions based on findings: diuretics, noninvasive ventilation, vasodilators, need for ICU or cardiology input, anticoagulation for DVT/PE suspicionShows translating POCUS finds to bedside care: dosing water pills, open blood vessels, and no-tube breath help, choosing blood thinners for guessed leg or lung clots, and needing intensive care or heart advice.
Tuning water pills on block patternsUsing POCUS to guide no-tube breath helpOpen vessel and heart drug choices in shockBlood thinners when leg or lung clot guessedRules for intensive care move and heart adviceLesson 7Interpreting POCUS patterns: cardiogenic pulmonary oedema vs ARDS vs pneumonia vs pneumothoraxExplains mixing lung, heart, and vein POCUS patterns to tell heart lung water from lung damage, lung infection, and collapsed lung, stressing pattern spot, vital mix, and overlap awareness.
Spread water lines and surface features in heart waterMixed water lines and solid bits in lung damageSpot solid and moving air signs in lung infectionNo lung slide and point in collapsed lungMatching clashing lung and heart findsLesson 8When to stop relying on POCUS: need for chest radiograph, CT pulmonary angiography, formal echocardiography, invasive monitoringSets when POCUS alone not enough and needs more images or watches, covering chest x-ray, lung vessel CT, full heart echo, and inside blood flow check in shaky or tricky patients.
Warning signs needing quick lung vessel CTReasons for full heart echoChest x-ray role in tricky lung findsWhen to do inside blood flow watchRecording unsure and sharing limitsLesson 9Anatomical landmarks and dynamic signs: A-lines vs B-lines, lung sliding, pleural effusion layering, LV systolic function, IVC collapsibilityFocuses on key body marks and moving scan signs in lung-heart-vein POCUS, covering dry lines, water lines, lung slide, surface water layers, left heart pump, and big vein squeeze for quick, right bedside read.
Spotting dry and water lines in lung viewsChecking lung slide and pulseFinding and grading surface water layersEye guess of left heart pumpMeasuring big vein width and squeezeLesson 10Probe choices and rationale: phased-array for cardiac, curvilinear for lung and pleural, linear for DVT and superficial pleural detailReviews probe pick and reasons for sudden short breath POCUS, covering wave-array for heart and big vein, curve for lung and surface, straight for leg clots and surface details, with tips for quick switch in revival.
Wave-array probe for heart and big vein picturesCurve probe for lung and surface checkStraight probe for leg clots and surface detailsProbe pick in big or swollen patientsQuick probe switch and germ control
