Lesson 1Hazard 2 — Rotor wash and downwash effects: causes, consequences, perimeter control and shieldingLook into rotor wash and downwash effects on people, vehicles, and loose tings. Handle risk factors, safe approach paths, border control, shielding ways, and talk wid ground workers.
Aerodynamic basics of rotor washRisk factors and vulnerable areasSecuring loose equipment and loadsPerimeter control and exclusion zonesUse of barriers and physical shieldingBriefing and training ground staffLesson 2Hazard 1 — Foreign Object Debris (FOD): causes, consequences, detection and mitigationCover FOD sources, from loose parts to trash, and how dem affect engines, rotors, and people. Explain check routines, find tools, clean standards, and reporting to stop it happen again.
Typical FOD sources at heliportsConsequences for aircraft and peopleFOD inspection routes and frequencyUse of FOD containers and toolsHousekeeping and contractor controlsFOD reporting and trend analysisLesson 3Hazard 7 — Lighting failures at night operations: causes, checks, backup lighting and NOTAM proceduresLook into light failures during night work, including causes, finding dem, and backup choices. Detail check routines, fault handling, temp lighting, and NOTAM steps to protect flight safety.
Types of heliport lighting systemsCommon lighting failure modesPreflight and nightly lighting checksUse of backup and portable lightingNOTAM criteria and issue processMaintenance and fault rectificationLesson 4Hazard 3 — Fuel handling and refueling hazards: bonding/grounding, spill sources, storage and SOPsExplain fuel handling dangers including fire, boom, dirt, and nature harm. Cover bonding and grounding, storage rules, move steps, emergency actions, and paper work.
Fuel properties and ignition sourcesBonding and grounding proceduresFuel storage and tank farm layoutRefueling SOPs and checklistsSpill prevention and containmentFuel fire and spill emergency actionsLesson 5Hazard 6 — Unauthorized access and ground vehicle/pedestrian conflicts: perimeter security, signage, access controlCover unauthorized entry, vehicle come-ins, and walker clashes on de heliport. Focus on border security, entry control, signs, escorting, and work wid security and building management.
Perimeter fencing and physical barriersAccess control systems and passesVehicle route planning and controlPedestrian routing and escort rulesSignage, markings, and warningsIncident reporting and investigationLesson 6Hazard 4 — Obstacles and incursions during approach/departure: causes, mitigation, obstacle controlHandle obstacles and come-ins affecting approach and leave paths. Cover obstacle checks, safe surfaces, temp works, animals, and steps to stop unauthorized moves in key areas.
Defining approach and departure surfacesIdentifying permanent obstaclesManaging temporary cranes and worksWildlife and drone incursion risksMarking, lighting, and charting obstaclesProcedures for obstacle reportingLesson 7Hazard 8 — Simultaneous or converging arrivals and communications breakdowns: sequencing, holding procedures, and delegation of landing authorityLook at risks from same-time or coming-together arrivals and talk breakdowns. Cover ordering, holding, standard talk words, and clear giving of landing power between pilots and heliport staff.
Traffic patterns and capacity limitsArrival and departure sequencingHolding procedures near heliportsStandard radio calls and phraseologyDelegation of landing authorityManaging communication failuresLesson 8Assigning risk levels and mitigation hierarchy: eliminate, reduce, control, accept; residual risk documentationDetail how to class risks, use de fix order, and write down leftover risk. Cover decision points, accept rules, and how to back up, follow, and check risk controls in heliport work.
Defining risk categories and bandsApplying the mitigation hierarchySetting risk acceptance criteriaDocumenting residual risk decisionsMonitoring control effectivenessEscalation and management reviewLesson 9Hazard 5 — Adverse weather and visibility (including coastal fog): triggers, minima and operational limitsCheck bad weather and see dangers, including fog, low cloud, wind, and rain. Define starts, lowest points, and limits, and explain weather watch, decision making, and backup planning.
Key weather hazards for heliportsVisibility and ceiling assessmentWind, turbulence, and gust factorsDefining local weather minimaWeather monitoring tools and sourcesLow-visibility operating proceduresLesson 10Risk assessment frameworks: qualitative vs quantitative risk matrices, likelihood and consequence scalesExplain quality and number risk check at heliports, focusing on chance and result scales, table design, and data sources. Stress same scoring, paper work, and check of changing work risks.
Qualitative risk assessment stepsQuantitative data sources and limitsDesigning likelihood rating scalesDesigning consequence rating scalesBuilding and using risk matricesReviewing and updating risk models
