Lesson 1Safety checks before family come: fall risk, utility checks, access roadsDis part cover safety checks before family arrive, including ground steady, fall risks, buried pipes, vehicle and people access, and emergency plan, ensuring de site safe and respectful before family reach de graveside.
Visual inspection for cracks and slumpsLocating and marking buried utilitiesAssessing vehicle and hearse access routesPedestrian paths and trip hazard controlWeather, lighting, and visibility checksEmergency response and rescue planningLesson 2Tools, equipment, and PPE list: shovels, picks, boards, ropes, lowering devicesCheck essential tools, equipment, and PPE for grave preparation, including hand tools, boards, ropes, lowering devices, and inspection, making sure everyting good for use, safe stored, and ready before funeral service.
Core hand tools and their upkeepBoards, ladders, and access aidsRopes, slings, and lowering gearPPE for excavation and handlingPre-use inspection and defect logsStorage, transport, and securityLesson 3Managing dirt pile: placement, steadying, avoid dirty, erosion controlDis part explain how to place, shape, and steady dirt piles to avoid fall, dirty, and washing away, including safe distance from grave edge, water run control, separate soil layers, and protect nearby graves and paths.
Safe setback distances for spoil heapsLayering and separating soil horizonsCovering spoil to limit dust and mudRunoff channels and silt barriersPreventing contamination of pathwaysBackfill preparation and compactionLesson 4Site check in wet condition: soil kinds, water level, drainage signsDis part focus on checking wet sites before digging, covering soil kinds, water level signs, surface water patterns, recent rain, and nearby buildings, so you can choose safe digging method and plan good water control.
Reading soil texture and structureRecognizing high water table signsSurface drainage and ponding patternsImpact of recent and forecast rainInfluence of trees, walls, and pathsSelecting safe methods from findingsLesson 5Temporary protection of nearby graves and plants during diggingLearn how to shield nearby graves, stones, and plants from damage during digging by using barriers, padding, and access control, while planning machine movement and dirt placement to keep cemetery look nice.
Surveying nearby headstones and markersInstalling boards, mats, and barriersRoot zones and tree protection methodsMachinery routes to avoid monumentsDust, mud, and debris containmentPost-excavation site restoration stepsLesson 6Rule depth and standard grave size for adult coffin burialsUnderstand law depth need and standard grave size for adult coffin burial, including width, length, and space, plus local changes, double depth grave, and how to check follow cemetery rule and map.
Typical adult coffin grave dimensionsMinimum cover and depth regulationsDouble-depth and family plot layoutsClearances from paths and structuresChecking local and faith-based rulesDocumenting approved dimensionsLesson 7Supporting and bracing method: use of wood boards, trench box, temporary supportDis part explain when and how to use supporting and bracing system, including wood boards, trench box, and water pressure support, to stop wall fall, protect workers, and follow digging safety rule in different soil kind.
Soil classification and support needsTimber sheeting and waler systemsUse and limits of trench boxesHydraulic and mechanical shoringInspection and maintenance routinesRemoval sequence to avoid collapseLesson 8Record keeping for grave place, size, and before burial condition (wetin to note)Learn how to record grave place, size, soil condition, and before burial site state, including photos and drawing, so future fix, dig up, or family ask can use true, traceable, and rule-follow document.
Grave numbering and map referencesRecording dimensions and depth dataNoting soil type and water presencePhotographic and sketch recordsDocumenting protections and shoringSecure storage of records and updatesLesson 9Digging technique for steady in wet ground: stepping, layering, slopingLearn digging technique dat keep steady in wet or water full ground, including stepping, layering, and sloping, plus water remove option, watch for movement, and change method for weather and ground water level.
Identifying saturated and weak soilsBenching and stepping grave wallsSafe sloping angles by soil typeUse of pumps and simple drainageMonitoring wall movement and heaveBackfilling in wet conditions safelyLesson 10Measuring, marking and staking: side and up-down control, level checkDis part explain how to measure, mark, and stake grave using tape, level, and reference point, ensuring correct line, depth, and drop, while protect existing mark and allow safe machine and carrier access.
Setting reference lines and benchmarksMarking grave corners with stakesChecking length, width, and squarenessUsing levels for depth and fallAllowing space for access and gearProtecting nearby markers while marking
