Lesson 1Fillers, anti-redeposition agents, and soil-release polymers: roles in keeping fabrics cleanE look how fillers make soap lighter and steady, how anti-redeposition agents hold dirty water up so e no go back on cloth, and how soil-release polymers change fiber side to clean better and stop cloth from turning gray.
Roles of inert fillers in powder detergentsAnti-redeposition polymers and soil suspensionSoil-release finishes on polyester fabricsImpact on graying, dinginess, and whitenessFormulation limits and interaction with surfactantsLesson 2Fragrances, preservatives, and sensitizers: common allergens and how they cause skin irritationE check fragrance, preservative, and things wey dey make skin sensitive for laundry product. E show common things wey dey cause allergy, how dem dey reach skin, and how dem irritate, plus ways for people wey get sensitive skin.
Fragrance types and encapsulated scent systemsCommon fragrance allergens and labeling termsPreservatives used in liquid detergentsContact dermatitis and sensitization pathwaysChoosing low-allergen or fragrance-free productsLesson 3Surfactants: types, mechanisms, and common examples (anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric)E cover big kinds of surfactants, dem structure, and how dem reduce surface tension, mix oil, and take out dirt particles. E compare how dem clean, foam, and if dem good for cloth or skin.
Hydrophilic–lipophilic balance and micelle formationAnionic surfactants for heavy soil removalNonionic surfactants for low-foam cleaningCationic surfactants and fabric conditioningAmphoteric surfactants and mild formulationsLesson 4Builders and water softening agents: phosphates, zeolites, citrates, sodium carbonate — how they sequester hardness ionsE explain how builders and softeners hold calcium and magnesium, stop dem from making hard stuff, and make surfactant work better. E compare phosphates, zeolites, citrates, and carbonates for new soap design.
Hard water ions and soap scum formationPhosphate builders and environmental limitsZeolites as ion-exchange softening agentsCitrate and carbonate as eco-friendlier optionsInteractions with surfactants and enzymesLesson 5Optical brighteners and whiteners: chemistry, benefits, and risks to fabrics and skinE cover chemistry of optical brighteners, how dem take light and send am back, and why dem make cloth look more white. E talk how dem pile up on cloth, change color, and worry for skin or environment.
Fluorescence and blue light emissionBrightener types used in detergentsDeposition on cotton vs syntheticsLong-term buildup and graying effectsAllergy, safety, and environmental aspectsLesson 6Fabric damage mechanisms: abrasion, pilling, fiber weakening from chemicals and temperatureE check how washing, chemicals, and heat damage fiber over time. E show abrasion, pilling, color loss, and chemical weakness, and connect dem to wash settings and product pick.
Mechanical stress from drum motion and load sizePilling on cotton, wool, and syntheticsChemical hydrolysis and oxidation of fibersThermal damage from hot water and dryingBalancing cleaning power with fabric longevityLesson 7Bleaching agents: chlorine vs oxygen bleaches, safe use on cotton and syntheticsE detail chlorine and oxygen bleach chemistry, how dem take out stain, and make white. E explain if dem good for cloth, test color fastness, and safe use on cotton, synthetic, and mix cloth.
Oxidation mechanisms of common bleachesChlorine bleach uses, limits, and corrosion riskOxygen bleach for colors and delicatesTemperature and pH effects on bleach actionSafe dosing, mixing, and storage practicesLesson 8pH in detergents: alkaline vs neutral formulations and effects on soils and fibersE look how soap pH affect taking out dirt, dye steady, and fiber strong. E compare alkaline and near-neutral, and explain buffering, rinsing, and skin problem.
Typical pH ranges in powder and liquid detergentsAlkalinity and removal of fatty and protein soilsNeutral and mild pH for delicates and woolpH effects on dyes, finishes, and shrinkageRinse pH, skin comfort, and irritation riskLesson 9Interpreting product labels: active ingredients, concentration indicators, and safety statements (R- and H-phrases)E teach how to read soap and extra labels, focus on active things, how much dem get, danger sign, and warning words, so you fit compare product safe with proof.
Identifying surfactants, builders, and enzymesConcentration indicators and dosing guidanceHazard pictograms and signal wordsH-phrases, precautionary, and warning textUsing label data to compare product strengthLesson 10Enzymes in detergents: protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase — functions and temperature/activity rangesE describe key soap enzymes, di stain dem target, and best condition. E cover protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, with steady, heat range, and cloth care.
Proteases for protein stains like bloodAmylases for starch-based food residuesLipases for oily and greasy soil removalCellulases for color renewal and fuzz removalEnzyme stability, pH, and temperature windows
