Lesson 1White-matter pathways: arcuate fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus — roles in repetition and integrationThis part go analyze main white matter bundles, like arcuate, uncinate, and top long fasciculi, describing dem body, connections, and roles in repeating, word-meaning mixing, and front-back language streams.
Arcuate fasciculus and repetition circuitrySuperior longitudinal fasciculus and dorsal streamUncinate fasciculus and semantic integrationInferior fronto-occipital fasciculus in readingDisconnection syndromes and conduction aphasiaLesson 2Auditory processing pathway for speech perception: from cochlea to brainstem nuclei to primary auditory cortex and higher-order processingThis part go trace hearing path for speech, from ear coil through brain stem centers and thalamus to main and next hearing brain areas, detailing time and sound analysis, sound mapping, and early speech-non-speech telling apart.
Cochlear transduction and frequency decompositionBrainstem nuclei and binaural processingMedial geniculate body and thalamic gatingPrimary auditory cortex and phonemic encodingSecondary auditory areas and speech–nonspeech parsingLesson 3Stepwise neural sequence when hearing a question and answering aloud: auditory decoding, comprehension, formulation, motor planning, execution, and feedback monitoringThis part go follow brain steps from hearing question to answering loud, covering hearing decoding, understanding, idea making, word picking, motor planning, doing, and feedback checking across spread networks.
Auditory decoding of the spoken questionSyntactic and semantic comprehension stagesConceptualization and message formulationPhonological encoding and motor planningExecution, monitoring, and error correctionLesson 4Primary sensorimotor cortices: primary motor cortex (speech motor areas), primary somatosensory cortex, primary auditory cortexThis part go review main motor, touch sense, and hearing brain surfaces, stressing dem cell build, body mapping and sound mapping, and how dese main areas support mouth moving, speech feedback, and mixing with higher language parts.
Somatotopy of the primary motor speech areasOrofacial representation in primary somatosensory cortexTonotopic maps in primary auditory cortexCortical columns and cytoarchitecture in M1 and S1Integration of sensory feedback during articulationLesson 5Right hemisphere contributions: prosody, pragmatics, discourse-level processing, visuo-spatial and affective aspectsThis part go check right brain side roles in rhythm, practical use, talk level, and sight-space and feeling processing, pointing out side-to-side teamwork and clinic problems from right side damage affecting talk.
Acoustic and linguistic prosody processingPragmatic inference and conversational implicatureDiscourse macrostructure and coherence buildingVisuospatial context in communication cuesAffective prosody and emotional interpretationLesson 6Association and multimodal regions: inferior frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, angular and supramarginal gyriThis part go focus on mixing and multi-sense areas, including lower front fold, top time fold, angle and side-margin folds, explaining dem roles in sound structure, meaning, sentence build, reading, and cross-sense mixing for language.
Inferior frontal gyrus and phonological working memorySuperior temporal gyrus and lexical accessAngular gyrus in semantic and conceptual integrationSupramarginal gyrus in phonological mappingMultimodal convergence and reading networksLesson 7Neural control of speech motor output: cortical planning, corticobulbar tracts, cranial nerve nuclei (V, VII, IX, X, XII) and motor executionThis part go explain brain control of speech motor output, from brain surface planning through brain-to-bulb paths to head nerve centers, detailing motor doing, reflex change, and feedback dat keep fluent, clear speech.
Cortical planning in premotor and SMA regionsCorticobulbar tract organization and lateralityCranial nerve nuclei for speech musculatureMotor execution and articulatory timingAuditory and somatosensory feedback controlLesson 8Subcortical structures and cerebellum: basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellar contributions to speech timing, motor learning and prosodyThis part go explore deep brain parts, thalamus, and small brain in speech, stressing timing, motor learning, rhythm, and starting, and relating dem problems to slurred speech, stuttering, soft voice, and shaky speech.
Basal ganglia loops and speech initiationThalamic relay and modulation of language signalsCerebellar timing and articulatory coordinationMotor learning and adaptation in speechSubcortical contributions to prosody controlLesson 9Cortical language centers: Broca’s area (anatomical boundaries, cytoarchitecture) and Wernicke’s areaThis part go detail brain surface language centers, stressing Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, dem body limits, cell build, connections, and different parts in speech planning, sentence, word access, and understanding.
Anatomical boundaries of Broca’s areaCytoarchitecture of inferior frontal language cortexAnatomical boundaries of Wernicke’s areaPosterior temporal cortex and lexical semanticsFunctional connectivity between Broca and Wernicke
