Lesson 1Selection of operative approach: hemithyroidectomy, total thyroidectomy, completion thyroidectomyDetail mark for choose half thyroid out, full, or finish thyroid out, mixing tumor mark, risk arrange, past surgery, patient like, guideline, plus counsel on risk, gain, and long time hormone follow.
Oncologic and benign disease indicationsRisk stratification and guideline useWhen to choose hemithyroidectomyIndications for total or completion surgeryShared decision making with patientsLesson 2Immediate postoperative monitoring: airway, hematoma recognition and management algorithmsOutline straight after op watch after thyroid out, focus on airway check, early neck swell spot, standard watch step, raise level path, and step by step plan for bed side and op management.
Postanesthesia airway assessment stepsNeck wound checks and early warning signsHematoma risk factors and preventionBedside decompression and emergency stepsCriteria for urgent return to the ORLesson 3Role and practical use of intraoperative nerve monitoring: indications, limitations, and alternativesExplore during op nerve watch principle, when to use, setup, including electrode place, stimulate step, fix signal loss, read EMG change, limit, and safe other way when watch no dey.
Basic principles of nerve monitoringIndications and patient selectionEquipment setup and troubleshootingInterpreting EMG signals and alertsSurgery without monitoring: safe strategiesLesson 4Calcium and PTH monitoring protocols after thyroidectomy and initiation of thyroid hormone replacementCover after op calcium and PTH test plan, risk arrange for low calcium, mouth and vein calcium and vitamin D dose, when to start thyroid hormone, and dose change base on TSH and risk.
Timing of calcium and PTH measurementsRisk stratification for hypocalcemiaOral and IV calcium and vitamin D regimensInitiating levothyroxine after surgeryTSH targets and dose adjustment plansLesson 5Anesthesia considerations and perioperative optimization including anticoagulation managementCover anesthesia plan for thyroid surgery, airway check, pipe in strategy, handle body weakness, around op blood thin and plate stop adjust, fluid and pressure target, and after op pain and sick control.
Airway assessment and intubation planningManagement of comorbid conditionsAnticoagulation and antiplatelet adjustmentIntraoperative hemodynamic and fluid goalsPostoperative analgesia and nausea controlLesson 6Hemostasis techniques, use of energy devices, and management of problematic bleedingFocus on careful stop bleed in thyroid out, compare stitch tie, clip, energy tool, safe use near nerve and parathyroid, stop neck swell, and step manage surprise or fast bleed.
Vascular anatomy relevant to hemostasisSuture ligation and clip techniquesTypes and settings of energy devicesSafe use near nerves and parathyroidsAlgorithm for intraoperative bleedingLesson 7Identification, preservation, and autotransplantation of parathyroid glandsExplain way to find and save parathyroid gland, including normal and wrong place, blood supply, way avoid cut blood, mark for self plant, graft method, and after op work check.
Recognizing normal and ectopic parathyroidsMaintaining parathyroid blood supplyWhen to perform autotransplantationAutotransplantation sites and techniqueAssessing postoperative parathyroid functionLesson 8Lymph node management: central compartment dissection indications and extentReview when and how much central neck clear in thyroid cancer, including body limit, cancer reason, prevent vs treat clear, tech step, and way reduce nerve and parathyroid hurt.
Central compartment anatomy and nodal levelsOncologic indications for central neck dissectionProphylactic versus therapeutic dissectionTechnical steps and key landmarksProtecting nerves and parathyroid glandsLesson 9Management of common complications: hypocalcemia, vocal cord palsy, wound infection, and seromaHandle early trouble after thyroid out, including low calcium, voice cord weak, wound sick, and fluid pocket, stress spot, test work, quick handle, patient counsel, and when send specialist.
Recognition and treatment of hypocalcemiaEvaluation of vocal cord dysfunctionPrevention and care of wound infectionSeroma prevention and aspiration techniquePatient education and follow‑up planningLesson 10Intraoperative strategy for recurrent laryngeal nerve identification and preservationDescribe system way to find and protect recurrent voice nerve, including body change, cut plane, use cap method, handle hard scar or re-do, and answer to during op nerve hurt.
Key anatomic landmarks of the RLNInferior, lateral, and superior approachesCapsular dissection and safe planesManaging scarring and reoperative fieldsHandling suspected nerve injury
