Lesson 1Human factors and organizational hazards: fatigue, communication gaps, subcontractor coordinationThis lesson analyses human and organizational factors causing hazards, like fatigue, communication breakdowns, and subcontractor coordination issues on Kenyan sites. It highlights supervision, planning, and safety culture to cut down errors and unsafe habits.
Fatigue, shift patterns, and workloadLanguage barriers and communication toolsCoordination between multiple subcontractorsSupervision quality and role claritySafety culture and reporting behaviorsLesson 2Crane operations and lifting hazards: load paths, exclusion zones, rigging failuresThis lesson examines crane and lifting hazards, including load paths, exclusion zones, and rigging failures. It covers lift planning, signalling, weather limits, and gear checks to prevent dropped loads and structural damage on Kenyan projects.
Lift planning and risk assessmentRigging gear selection and inspectionEstablishing load paths and exclusion zonesCommunication between operator and riggerWeather, wind, and stability limitsLesson 3Logistics and site traffic hazards: vehicles, deliveries, pedestrian segregationThis lesson tackles logistics and traffic hazards from trucks, forklifts, and deliveries on structural sites in Kenya. It covers traffic plans, pedestrian paths, loading areas, and communication to avoid collisions and being struck incidents.
Site traffic management planningSegregated pedestrian walkwaysSafe loading and unloading zonesSpotters, signals, and communicationReversing vehicles and blind spot risksLesson 4Confined spaces and excavation adjacent hazardsThis lesson reviews hazards in confined spaces and excavations near structural works in Kenya. It discusses entry permits, air testing, shoring, access, and emergency planning to prevent engulfment, collapse, and suffocation.
Identifying confined spaces on sitesPermit to work and entry controlsAtmospheric testing and ventilationExcavation support and benching systemsRescue and emergency response planningLesson 5Health hazards: dust, noise, vibration, cement burns, CHP (chemical handling)This lesson explores health hazards in structural phases like dust, noise, vibration, and cement burns on Kenyan sites. It covers exposure checks, controls, PPE, and safe chemical handling to avoid short-term and long-term health issues.
Concrete and silica dust exposure controlNoise sources and hearing protectionHand arm vibration and tool selectionPreventing cement burns and skin damageSafe storage and handling of chemicalsLesson 6Concrete operations: slips, trips, manual handling, formwork collapseThis lesson explores hazards in concrete works, including slips, trips, manual handling strains, and formwork instability. It covers planning, site cleanliness, reinforcement handling, pour sequencing, and checks to prevent collapse or worker injury.
Slip and trip risks around poursManual handling of rebar and formworkFormwork design and load capacityInspection before and during concrete poursStripping formwork and backproppingLesson 7Tool and equipment hazards: falling tools, power tool guarding, compressed airThis lesson focuses on hazards from tools and equipment in structural work, like falling tools, power tool guards, and compressed air misuse. It stresses selection, checks, tethering, and safe use procedures on Kenyan sites.
Selection of suitable tools and equipmentPre use inspection and maintenanceTool guarding and emergency stopsTethering tools to prevent dropsSafe use of compressed air systemsLesson 8Electrical hazards: live work, temporary power, lockout/tagout failuresThis lesson details electrical risks during structural works, focusing on live circuits, temporary power, and lockout/tagout failures. It emphasises planning, equipment choice, checks, and safe practices to prevent shocks, burns, and arc flash.
Planning temporary electrical layoutsInspection of cords, panels, and toolsLive work avoidance and safe distancesLockout and tagout on construction sitesGround fault and residual current devicesLesson 9Working at height hazards: scaffolds, edge protection, falling objectsThis lesson covers working at height hazards on structural frames, including scaffolds, edge protection, and falling objects. It reviews access systems, guardrails, fall arrest, and material containment to safeguard workers and the public.
Scaffold design, access, and inspectionEdge protection and guardrail systemsPersonal fall arrest and restraint useOpenings, penetrations, and floor edgesToe boards, netting, and debris controlLesson 10Systematic hazard spotting methods for live sitesThis lesson introduces systematic ways to spot hazards on active structural sites in Kenya. It explains task analysis, checklists, inspections, and worker input to identify changing risks and prioritise fixes before work starts.
Task based hazard analysis methodsStructured site walk and inspection routesUse of checklists and digital toolsWorker participation and safety observationsPrioritizing and tracking corrective actions
