Lesson 1Exposure and environmental control: full undressing, warm blankets, preventing body temperature drop, and quick secondary check prepThis lesson covers fully exposing the patient to spot injuries while keeping them warm. It includes safe undressing methods, respecting privacy, warming techniques, room control, and preparing efficiently for a quick but thorough secondary check.
Safe clothing removal and patient dignitySystematic head to toe visual inspectionUse of warm blankets and active warmersRoom temperature and warmed IV fluidsCoordination for rapid secondary surveyLesson 2Breathing check: looking, listening, tapping, oxygen levels, and simple monitoringThis lesson reviews fast breathing checks, including looking, listening with a stethoscope, tapping the chest, and basic monitoring. It stresses oxygen goals, spotting serious chest problems, and acting quickly on threats.
Inspection for chest rise and deformityAuscultation for breath sound asymmetryPercussion for hyperresonance or dullnessPulse oximetry and waveform evaluationOxygenation and ventilation targetsLesson 3Airway techniques and tools: jaw push, mouth/nose airways, RSI steps and medicine choicesThis lesson reviews airway techniques and tools in the primary survey. It covers jaw thrust, mouth and nose airways, when and how to do RSI, and picking the right sedatives and paralysing drugs for trauma cases.
Jaw thrust and manual airway openingUse of oropharyngeal airwaysUse of nasopharyngeal airwaysPreoxygenation and RSI preparationDrug choices and dosing in RSILesson 4Airway check: blockage signs, when to secure airway fast, and quick intubation rulesThis lesson focuses on fast airway checks in trauma. It highlights blockage signs, tough airway predictors, when to secure immediately, and rules for quick intubation versus temporary tools or surgical airway.
Visible obstruction and noisy breathingAssessment of airway burns and edemaPredictors of difficult laryngoscopyIndications for immediate intubationWhen to consider surgical airwayLesson 5Neck spine protection: hand-held steadying, collar types, and when to brace vs clearThis lesson covers neck spine protection in early trauma care. It includes hand-held steadying, choosing and fitting collars, when to brace, and safe clearance using clinical checks and scans.
Manual inline stabilization techniquesChoosing and sizing cervical collarsProper collar application and pitfallsClinical criteria for C-spine clearanceImaging indications for C-spine injuryLesson 6Revival goals and checks during primary survey: blood pressure aims, pulse rate, urine amount, and alertnessThis lesson explains revival goals and checks in the primary survey. It covers blood pressure and pulse targets, urine output, alertness, lactate levels, and adjusting actions based on patient changes.
Target blood pressure in trauma shockHeart rate and rhythm trend analysisUrine output as perfusion indicatorMental status and serial GCS checksUse of lactate and base deficitLesson 7Quick brain and nerve check (GCS) and urgent nerve steadying stepsThis lesson outlines quick nerve checks in the primary survey. It explains fast GCS scoring, pupil checks, limb movement, and urgent steps for suspected head or spine injury, including airway and blood flow fixes.
Rapid GCS components and scoringPupil size, symmetry, and reactivityMotor and sensory limb assessmentSigns of raised intracranial pressureImmediate neuroprotective measuresLesson 8Blood flow check: bleeding control priorities, shock signs, targeted body exam for major bleedsThis lesson explains blood flow checks in the primary survey, focusing on spotting life-threatening bleeds fast, recognising shock, quick physical exams, and prioritising bleed stops.
Central and peripheral pulse assessmentSkin color, temperature, and capillary refillBlood pressure trends and shock index useFocused exam for external and internal bleedingEarly IV or IO access and blood samplingLesson 9Urgent fixes for breathing dangers: needle air release, chest tube, and tension lung collapse plansThis lesson details urgent fixes for serious breathing issues. It covers needle air release, chest tube insertion, spotting tension lung collapse, and prioritising steps in the fast primary survey.
Recognition of tension pneumothoraxSites and technique for needle decompressionIndications for tube thoracostomyChest tube insertion steps and checksPost procedure monitoring and reassessmentLesson 10Urgent bleeding stop: direct press, tourniquets, pelvis straps, clotting packs, and quick scan decisionsThis lesson focuses on urgent bleeding control in the primary survey. It details direct pressure, tourniquets, pelvis straps, clotting dressings, and using quick scans to guide surgery or procedures.
Effective application of direct pressureIndications and placement of tourniquetsPelvic binder sizing and positioningSelection and use of hemostatic dressingsIntegrating FAST results into decisionsLesson 11Organised primary survey (ABCDE) order and time targetsThis lesson describes the ABCDE primary survey order and time targets. It stresses prioritising threats, cutting delays, team roles, and constant checks for safe, smooth trauma work.
Overview of ABCDE survey prioritiesRecommended time targets for ABCDETeam roles and closed loop communicationManaging simultaneous interventionsReassessment after each ABCDE cycle
