Lesson 1Ongoing shifts since 2010s: settlement expansion, diplomatic realignments, and recent major incidentsLooks at developments since the 2010s, including settlement growth, Gaza wars, regional normalisation deals, splits within Palestinians, and changing US and global diplomacy, leading up to big flare-ups and shifting conflict stories.
Settlement legalization and de facto annexationGaza wars and evolving military doctrinesArab normalization and the Abraham AccordsIntra-Palestinian political fragmentationU.S. policy shifts across administrationsGlobal public opinion and legal initiativesLesson 2Suez Crisis and 1950s regional dynamics: Arab states and Israeli securityBreaks down the 1956 Suez Crisis, the secret teamwork between Israel, Britain, and France, and US-Soviet reactions, showing how it shaped Israeli defences, Arab unity, UN peace efforts, and Cold War ties in the region.
Egyptian nationalism and canal nationalizationTripartite collusion and invasion plansIsraeli campaign in Sinai PeninsulaU.S. and Soviet diplomatic interventionUNEF deployment and Israeli withdrawalImpact on Nasserism and Arab–Israeli rivalryLesson 3Gaza developments since 2005 and periodic escalations: blockade, governance, and conflictFocuses on Gaza after Israel’s 2005 pullout, Hamas taking over, the blockade setup, and repeated wars, checking humanitarian situations, leadership challenges, regional mediation, and Gaza’s role in the bigger conflict.
Israeli disengagement and settlement removalHamas electoral victory and takeover of GazaBlockade policies and border controlsRocket fire, airstrikes, and ground incursionsHumanitarian crisis and reconstruction cyclesEgyptian, Qatari, and UN mediation effortsLesson 41967 Six-Day War and its consequences: territories, occupation, and settlementsLooks into the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel’s quick wins, and taking over the West Bank, Gaza, Sinai, and Golan, tracing how occupation, UN Resolution 242, and early settlements changed the conflict’s map and politics.
Regional tensions and pre-war military movesCourse of the war on multiple frontsTerritorial gains and new ceasefire linesUN Resolution 242 and land-for-peace ideaMilitary rule in occupied territoriesOrigins of ideological settlement movementsLesson 5UN Partition Plan and 1947–49 war: outcome, refugees, and state formationCovers the 1947 UN Partition Plan, civil war in Mandatory Palestine, the 1948 Arab–Israeli war, and ceasefire lines, explaining state building, refugee movements, and competing stories of victory and disaster.
UNSCOP proposals and partition map detailsYishuv and Arab leadership responsesCivil war phase in late Mandate periodArab state intervention and major battlesArmistice agreements and Green Line bordersPalestinian refugee crisis and Nakba memoryLesson 6British Mandate period and intercommunal tensions (1918–1947)Explores the British Mandate in Palestine, legal rules, immigration policies, and land rows, tracing how community clashes, British divide-and-rule moves, and failed partition ideas set up later wars.
League of Nations Mandate and British objectivesBalfour Declaration and legal incorporationJewish immigration waves and land purchasesArab protests, strikes, and rural revoltsBritish policing and emergency regulationsPeel Commission and partition proposalsLesson 7Zionist congresses and early settlement (1897–1918): aims and international receptionChecks early Zionist politics from the First Zionist Congress through World War I, focusing on idea debates, settlement plans, talks with big powers, and how local Arab folks saw and reacted to these shifts.
Herzl, Basel Program, and Zionist institutionsPolitical versus practical Zionism debatesEarly agricultural colonies and land fundsRelations with Ottoman authorities and elitesArab press reactions and local oppositionWorld War I diplomacy and the Balfour pledgeLesson 81978–79 Camp David and Egypt–Israel peace: diplomacy and regional impactLooks at the Camp David Accords, Egypt’s separate peace with Israel, and US mediation, assessing how the deal reshaped regional alliances, Palestinian talks, military balances, and Arab approaches to Israel.
Sadat’s visit to Jerusalem and diplomatic openingCamp David negotiations and U.S. mediationTerms of the Egypt–Israel peace treatySinai withdrawal and security arrangementsRegional Arab reaction and Egypt’s isolationImpact on Palestinian representation and strategyLesson 9First and Second Intifadas: popular uprising, tactics, and political effects (1987–1993; 2000–2005)Follows the First and Second Intifadas, comparing grassroots actions, tactics, and leaders, and checking how each uprising changed Israeli and Palestinian politics, security ways, and global involvement in the conflict.
Origins and organization of the First IntifadaPopular committees, strikes, and boycottsOslo process emerging from the First IntifadaTrigger events of the Second IntifadaSuicide bombings and Israeli military responsePolitical fallout for Israeli and Palestinian leadersLesson 10Oslo process and its limits: agreements, institutions, and failuresBreaks down the Oslo setup, its step-by-step approach, and new bodies, highlighting key deals, security teamwork, settlement trends, and why it stalled, leaving big end issues unsolved.
Oslo I, Oslo II, and Declaration of PrinciplesCreation and powers of the Palestinian AuthoritySecurity coordination and policing arrangementsSettlement expansion during the Oslo yearsAssassinations, bombings, and mutual distrustCamp David 2000 and collapse of final talks
