Lesson 1Potassium-Argon and Argon-Argon (K-Ar, Ar-Ar): minerals suitable (whole-rock basalt, sanidine, groundmass, plagioclase), age ranges, sample preparation, excess argon issuesCheck out K–Ar an 40Ar/39Ar methods, suitable minerals an rocks, irradiation an step-heatin, age spectra, excess an inherited argon, alteration screenin, an right age ranges from young basalts to old volcanic an metamorphic rocks.
40K decay scheme and argon retentionSuitable minerals and rock typesIrradiation, flux monitors and standardsAge spectra, plateaus and isochronsExcess argon, recoil and alteration testsLesson 2U-Pb in zircon and baddeleyite: applications to granitoids, ash/tuff, concordia diagrams, Pb loss and inheritanceGwaan bout U–Pb datin in zircon an baddeleyite, coverin U an Pb incorporatin, concordia diagrams, discordance, Pb loss, inheritance, common Pb correction, an use fi granitoids, mafic intrusions, an volcanic ash or tuff layers.
U and Pb partitioning in accessory mineralsID-TIMS, LA-ICP-MS and SIMS approachesConcordia, discordia and age interpretationPb loss, metamorphism and inheritanceApplications to plutons and ash layersLesson 3Paleomagnetism as an auxiliary absolute/relative tool: polarity stratigraphy correlation, sampling procedures, secular variation curvesExplain how paleomagnetism give age control thru polarity stratigraphy an secular variation. Talk bout samplin design, demagnetization, linkin to geomagnetic polarity timescales, an mixin wid radiometric ages an stratigraphy.
Remanent magnetization carriers and typesField sampling strategies and orientationLaboratory demagnetization and componentsPolarity stratigraphy and GPTS correlationSecular variation curves and age modelingLesson 4Radioisotopic dating fundamentals: parent-daughter systems, half-life, closure temperature, isochronsShow core ideas a radioisotopic datin, includin parent–daughter decay, half-life, decay constants, closure temperature, isochron buildin, initial daughter correction, an checkin open-system behavior an analytical uncertainties.
Radioactive decay equations and half-lifeParent–daughter systems and mineral hostsClosure temperature and diffusion effectsIsochron theory and data regressionAssessing open-system behavior and errorsLesson 5Luminescence dating (OSL/IRSL/TL): dating feldspar and quartz in sediments, burial dose measurement, sample handling to avoid light exposure, age ranges and dose rate estimationBring in luminescence datin a quartz an feldspar, explainin trapped charge physics, burial dose checkin, samplin in darkness, dose rate calculatin, age limits, an common wahala like signal saturation an anomalous fadin.
Trapped charge physics and luminescence signalsOSL, IRSL and TL measurement protocolsField sampling and light-safe handlingDose rate components and environmental dosimetryAge calculation, limits and fading correctionsLesson 6Radiocarbon (C-14): materials dated, calibration, reservoir effects, upper limit ~50 kaCover radiocarbon production, decay, an measurement, suitable organic an inorganic materials, pretreatment, calibration curves, reservoir an hard-water effects, age range bout 50 ka, an readin calibrated probability distributions.
14C production, decay law and measurementDatable materials and sample pretreatmentCalibration curves and calendar agesMarine and freshwater reservoir effectsLimits, background and contamination controlLesson 7Common laboratory and field errors across methods: contamination, reworking, diagenesis, inheritance, open-system behavior, and analytical uncertaintiesLook back pon common field an lab problems weh bias ages, like contamination, reworking, diagenesis, inheritance, open-system behavior, detector issues, an data reduction mistakes, wid ways fi spot, fix, an quality control.
Sampling bias, mixing and reworkingContamination and modern carbon inputsDiagenesis, alteration and resettingInheritance and detrital grain complicationsAnalytical uncertainties and QA/QCLesson 8Cross-validation and multi-method strategies: choosing primary and backup methods, integrating stratigraphic constraints and biostratigraphyTalk bout how fi design multi-method datin strategies, pick primary an backup chronometers, link stratigraphic an biostratigraphic limits, fix discordant ages, an build strong chronologies wid clear uncertainty budgets.
Criteria for choosing primary methodsSelecting complementary backup techniquesIntegrating stratigraphy and biostratigraphyReconciling discordant or outlier agesChronological models and uncertainty budgetsLesson 9Fission-track and (U-Th)/He thermochronology: apatite and zircon for cooling histories, track annealing, effective temperature ranges, sample selectionBring in fission-track an (U-Th)/He thermochronology in apatite an zircon, explainin track formin, annealin, helium diffusion, closure temperatures, sample pickin, age dispersion, an modelin coolin histories an exhumation paths.
Spontaneous fission tracks and etching methodsTrack annealing, kinetics and partial zones(U-Th)/He diffusion and closure conceptsMineral selection and radiation damage effectsThermal history and exhumation modeling
