Lesson 1Principles of balanced anesthesia and multimodal analgesia for dogs and catsDis section outline principles of balanced anesthesia an multimodal analgesia, integratin sedatives, opioids, local blocks, an adjuncts fi reduce inhalant requirements, improve stability, an enhance comfort in canine an feline neuter patients.
Concept of balanced anesthesia in neuteringDesigning multimodal analgesia plansReducing inhalant MAC with adjunct drugsCombining systemic and local techniquesProtocol examples for dogs and catsEvaluating depth versus analgesia adequacyLesson 2Analgesic dosing in dogs versus cats and timing for pre-emptive analgesiaDis section compare analgesic dosin an timin in dog an cat, emphasizin species differences, pre-emptive administration, redosin intervals, an integration wid local blocks fi maintain effective perioperative pain control fi neuter surgeries.
Species differences in opioid dosingNSAID selection and dose adjustmentsTiming of pre-emptive analgesic administrationRedosing intervals and duration of effectCombining systemic drugs with local blocksAvoiding overdose and drug stacking errorsLesson 3Perioperative analgesia: opioids, NSAIDs, local blocks (e.g., intratesticular, spermatic cord, line blocks), and adjunctsDis section focus on perioperative analgesia fi neuterin, coverin opioid an NSAID use, local anesthetic techniques such as intratesticular an line blocks, plus adjuncts like ketamine an lidocaine infusions fi achieve multimodal pain control.
Opioid choices for intraoperative analgesiaNSAID timing, selection, and safety checksIntratesticular and spermatic cord blocksLine blocks for ovariohysterectomy incisionsAdjunct infusions: ketamine and lidocaineMonitoring for local anesthetic toxicityLesson 4Recovery and post-anesthetic monitoring: criteria for extubation, pain scoring, and when to escalate careDis section explain safe recovery practices after neuterin, includin extubation criteria, pain scorin systems, thermoregulation, an when fi escalate care or re-anesthetize, ensure smooth transition from anesthesia to full ambulation.
Extubation criteria and airway protectionPositioning, thermoregulation, and nursing careUse of pain scales in dogs and catsRecognizing dysphoria versus true painWhen to escalate monitoring or re-anesthetizeDischarge criteria and client instructionsLesson 5Managing anesthesia-related complications: hypotension, hypoventilation, bradycardia, arrhythmias, hypothermiaDis section address recognition an management of common anesthesia complications in neuterin, includin hypotension, hypoventilation, bradycardia, arrhythmias, an hypothermia, wid stepwise interventions an criteria fi abortin di procedure.
Identifying and treating hypotensionApproach to hypoventilation and apneaBradycardia: when to treat and howRecognition and response to arrhythmiasPrevention and treatment of hypothermiaWhen to pause or abort the procedureLesson 6Monitoring during anesthesia: parameters (HR, RR, SpO2, EtCO2, blood pressure, temperature), equipment and interpretationDis section cover intraoperative monitorin fi neuterin, includin heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2, EtCO2, blood pressure, an temperature, wid guidance on equipment setup, troubleshootin, an interpretation fi detect early anesthetic complications.
ECG and heart rate monitoring basicsRespiratory rate, capnography, and EtCO2Pulse oximetry setup and artifact handlingNoninvasive and invasive blood pressureTemperature monitoring and active warmingRecording trends and responding to changesLesson 7Induction agents: propofol, alfaxalone, ketamine combinations—indications and dosing examplesDis section detail induction agent choices fi neuterin, includin propofol, alfaxalone, an ketamine combinations, wid indications, contraindications, dose examples, titration techniques, an adaptations fi compromised or pediatric patients.
Propofol dosing and titration to effectAlfaxalone protocols in dogs and catsKetamine-benzodiazepine combinationsInduction in pediatric and geriatric patientsManaging hypotension during inductionIV access, preoxygenation, and airway controlLesson 8Maintenance strategies: inhalant anesthesia (isoflurane/sevoflurane) vs TIVA—settings and practical considerationsDis section compare inhalant maintenance wid isoflurane or sevoflurane to total intravenous anesthesia, discussin vaporizer settings, infusion protocols, equipment needs, an practical decision-makin fi neuterin in varied clinical settings.
Setting and adjusting vaporizer concentrationsCircuit choice and fresh gas flow ratesTIVA protocols and infusion calculationsTransitioning between TIVA and inhalantsManaging depth changes during surgeryEquipment checks and oxygen supply planningLesson 9Premedication options: sedatives, analgesics, anticholinergics—drug choices, routes, and dose rangesDis section review premedication plannin fi neuterin, coverin sedatives, opioids, alpha-2 agonists, anticholinergics, an adjuncts, wid emphasis on drug selection, routes, dose ranges, an tailorin protocols to patient status an procedure length.
Choosing sedatives by temperament and healthOpioid selection and dose rangesAlpha-2 agonists: pros, cons, and reversalsAnticholinergic indications and contraindicationsIM, IV, SC, and oral premedication routesAdjusting doses for age and ASA status
