Lesson 1Use a gadolinium-based contrast agents: reasons, no-gos, an' NSF risk cuttin'Dis part reviews gadolinium contrast pharmacology, reasons, an' dosin', den details no-gos, NSF risk factors, screenin', an' strategies fi cut risk while keepin' diagnostic image quality an' clinical value.
Gadolinium chelate types and stability classesClinical indications in neuro and MSK MRIRenal function assessment and eGFR thresholdsContraindications and high‑risk patient groupsNSF pathophysiology and risk reduction stepsInformed consent and documentation practicesLesson 2Sequence pickin' an' parameter tweaks fi trade image contrast, spatial resolution, an' scan timeDis part covers how sequence choice an' parameter settings influence contrast, spatial resolution, an' scan time, teachin' practical trade-offs usin' TR, TE, flip angle, FOV, matrix, an' parallel imaging in routine protocols.
TR, TE, and flip angle fundamentalsAdjusting contrast with sequence familiesBalancing spatial resolution and SNRScan time, averages, and parallel imagingFOV, matrix, and slice thickness choicesProtocol optimization for clinical questionsLesson 3Safety zones, zone access control, an' patient watchin' inside MRI (hearin' protection, emergency response)Dis part defines MRI safety zones, access control policies, an' staff roles, den covers patient watchin', hearin' protection, emergency steps, an' safe response to code events or quench situations in de MRI setup.
ACR MRI safety zones I–IV layoutControlled access and staff responsibilitiesScreening before zone III and IV entryHearing protection selection and fittingPhysiologic monitoring and alarms in MRIEmergency response, code and quench plansLesson 4Artifacts in MRI an' how dem affect readin': motion, susceptibility, chemical shift, an' dem fixin'Dis part explains common MRI artifacts, dem physical causes, an' look, focusin' pon motion, susceptibility, an' chemical shift, den presents practical strategies fi recognize, cut, or use artifacts fi accurate image readin'.
Patient motion and ghosting artifactsFlow and pulsation artifacts in neuro MRIMagnetic susceptibility and metal artifactsChemical shift and India ink artifactsAliasing, wraparound, and truncationSequence and parameter tweaks to reduce artifactsLesson 5Basic MRI signal formin': hydrogen nuclei, T1 an' T2 relaxation, proton density, an' image contrast waysDis part introduces MRI signal formin' from hydrogen nuclei, Larmor precession, an' resonance, den explains T1 an' T2 relaxation, proton density, an' how dese ways combine fi generate image contrast in clinical MRI.
Hydrogen nuclei, spin, and Larmor frequencyRF excitation, resonance, and signal inductionT1 relaxation and longitudinal recoveryT2 relaxation and transverse decayProton density and its role in contrastFactors influencing overall image contrastLesson 6Patient prep fi MRI muscle-skeleton an' brain exams (positionin', coils, immobilizin', an' comfort measures)Dis part details patient prep fi muscle-skeleton an' brain MRI, includin' screenin', positionin', coil choice, immobilizin', an' comfort strategies, fi optimize image quality while cuttin' motion, worry, an' repeat scans.
Pre‑exam screening and patient educationPositioning for spine and brain MRIPositioning for joints and extremity MRICoil selection and placement optimizationImmobilization devices and motion controlComfort, anxiety reduction, and sedationLesson 7MRI safety screenin': ferromagnetic dangers, implants, pacemakers, an' de safety question flowDis part outlines MRI safety screenin' flows, stressin' ferromagnetic dangers, implants, an' heart devices, an' explains how fi read device labels, handle conditional implants, an' record clearance choices.
Ferromagnetic object and projectile risksStandard MRI safety questionnaire itemsPacemakers and cardiac device categoriesMR Safe, MR Conditional, MR Unsafe labelsHandling aneurysm clips and neurostimulatorsDocumentation and communication of clearanceLesson 8Common MRI sequences relevant to muscle-skeleton an' brain imaging: T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, DWI, GRE/SWI, proton density, an' STIRDis part reviews core MRI sequences used in muscle-skeleton an' brain imaging, describin' contrast traits, usual clinical uses, an' limits a T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI, GRE or SWI, proton density, an' STIR sequences.
T1‑weighted sequences and main indicationsT2‑weighted and fluid‑sensitive imagingFLAIR for parenchymal and CSF pathologyDWI and ADC for acute ischemia and tumorsGRE and SWI for blood and calcificationPD and STIR in joint and marrow evaluation
