Lesson 1Balancin stability, function an complication risk: how fi trade immobilization rigidity fi early mobilityExplain how fi balance rigidity an early motion, usin functional bracin, cast windows, an staged immobilization fi reduce stiffness, thrombosis, an muscle loss while preservin fracture stability an patient safety.
Risks of over-immobilization and stiffnessWhen to allow early joint motionFunctional bracing and removable devicesStaged cast modification and wedgingMonitoring for instability during mobilizationLesson 2Duration of immobilization: evidence-based timelines fi pediatric distal radius, adult ankle fractures, vertebral compression fracturesSummarize evidence-based immobilization durations fi common fractures, focusin pon pediatric distal radius, adult ankle, an vertebral compression fractures, an discuss modifyin timelines base pon healin, imaginy, pain, an functional recovery.
Bone healing phases and timelinesPediatric distal radius immobilizationAdult ankle fracture immobilizationVertebral compression fracture bracingCriteria for safe cast or brace removalLesson 3Documentation an informed consent specifics fi immobilization choicesDetail how fi document immobilization plans, explain options, an obtain informed consent, emphasizin shared decision-makin, risk disclosure, medico-legal protection, an clear communication tailor fi patient literacy an cultural context.
Essential elements of cast documentationRecording clinical indications and goalsExplaining risks, benefits, and alternativesDocumenting patient questions and teachingLegal and ethical aspects of consentLesson 4Selection criteria: fracture pattern, patient age, soft-tissue status, comorbidities (osteoporosis, neuropathy)Define how fracture pattern, age, soft-tissue status, an comorbidities like osteoporosis an neuropathy guide selection of cast type, splint, or brace, emphasizin individualized, risk-adjust immobilization strategies.
Classifying fracture patterns for planningAge-related healing and immobilization needsSoft-tissue swelling and skin conditionImpact of osteoporosis on construct choiceNeuropathy and sensory risk managementLesson 5Properties of castin materials: plaster of Paris, fiberglass, thermoplastics, paddin materials, waterproof linersReview physical an handlin properties of plaster, fiberglass, an thermoplastics, plus paddin an waterproof liners, highlightin settin times, strength, radiolucency, weight, contourin ability, an implications fi patient comfort an skin safety.
Plaster of Paris: setting and strengthFiberglass: advantages and limitationsThermoplastics and custom splintsPadding types and pressure protectionWaterproof liners: use and caveatsLesson 6Joint positionin an functional alignment: acceptable angulation/rotation fi distal radius, ankle, an spine fracturesCover functional joint positionin fi distal radius, ankle, an spine fractures, includin acceptable angulation an rotation, an how alignment choices affect function, pain, long-term deformity, an risk of post-traumatic arthritis.
Functional position of the hand and wristAcceptable distal radius angulation and tiltAnkle neutral alignment and rotation limitsSpinal alignment in compression fracturesConsequences of malalignment on functionLesson 7Cost, availability, an resource-limited alternatives fi castin materials an removable devicesAnalyze cost an availability of castin supplies an removable devices, wid strategies fi choosin affordable, safe options in resource-limited settins, includin reuse policies, local fabrication, an prioritization of high-value materials.
Cost drivers in casting materialsChoosing between cast and removable braceLow-cost splinting and casting optionsReuse, recycling, and safety limitsTriage of premium materials in scarcityLesson 8Infection control an sterile technique considerations when skin integrity compromiseOutline infection control when skin compromise, includin pre-cast wound care, sterile technique, dressin selection, cast windows, an follow-up checks fi detect odour, drainage, or necrosis beneath immobilization.
Assessing wounds before immobilizationSterile technique for open injuriesChoosing dressings under casts or splintsCast windows and wound inspection plansWarning signs of infection under a castLesson 9Biomechanics of fracture stabilization: loads, splints vs circumferential casts, role of moldinExplore how forces act pon fractures, comparin splints an circumferential casts, an explain how three-point moldin, interosseous pressure, an cast index influence reduction maintenance an prevention of displacement under load.
Types of mechanical loads on fracturesSplints versus circumferential castsPrinciples of three-point moldingCast index and sagittal-coronal balanceAvoiding loss of reduction under load
