Lesson 1Cognitive testing tools and bedside examination elements: MMSE, MoCA, executive function and visuospatial testingCheck bedside cognitive check, includin MMSE, MoCA, focus test pon attention, language, memory, executive function, visuospatial skill, wid interpret tip, limit, adapt fi education culture.
MMSE structure, scoring, and limitationsMoCA domains, cutoffs, and adjustmentsBedside executive function assessmentsVisuospatial and constructional testingInterpreting results in clinical contextLesson 2Common complications and monitoring: delirium superimposed on dementia, falls, medication interactions and prevention/surveillance tacticsDeal wid common dementia complication like delirium, fall, med interaction, stress risk spot, surveillance tactic, deprescribin, environment fix, team prevention.
Recognizing delirium in dementiaFall risk factors and prevention plansHigh-risk medications and interactionsMonitoring cognitive and functional changeCare pathways for recurrent complicationsLesson 3Management principles in early hospitalization: safety assessment, medication review (deliriogenic drugs), risk of delirium and prevention strategiesFocus early hospital handle dementia patient, includin safety check, med reconcile, spot deliriogenic drug, delirium risk sort, prevention bundle, chat wid family caregiver.
Initial safety and supervision assessmentMedication review and deprescribingDelirium risk factors and screeningNonpharmacologic prevention bundlesFamily engagement and discharge planningLesson 4Advanced biomarkers and their clinical role: CSF amyloid/tau, plasma biomarkers (neurofilament light, plasma p-tau) and indicationsCheck advance biomarker like CSF amyloid tau, plasma p-tau, neurofilament light, talk indication, interpret, limit, how result shape diagnosis, prognosis, trial eligibility.
CSF amyloid and tau collection basicsPlasma p-tau assays and cutoffsNeurofilament light as injury markerClinical indications for biomarker testingLimitations, access, and ethical issuesLesson 5Baseline laboratory and structural imaging to exclude reversible causes: thyroid, B12, RPR, CBC, CMP, and brain MRI protocol for dementiaDefine baseline lab imaginin fi exclude reversible cognitive decline cause, like thyroid mess, B12 lack, infection, metabolic shift, recommend brain MRI protocol fi dementia.
Standard laboratory dementia panelScreening for infectious contributorsMetabolic and nutritional abnormalitiesBrain MRI sequences for dementiaWhen CT is acceptable or insufficientLesson 6Common neurodegenerative etiologies and key distinguishing features: Alzheimer disease, vascular cognitive impairment, frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementiaDetail common neurodegene cause dementia, like Alzheimer, vascular cognitive hit, frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body, stress core clinical feature, typical imaginin pattern, bedside clue.
Alzheimer disease: memory-led presentationVascular cognitive impairment patternsFrontotemporal dementia behavioral variantsLewy body dementia core clinical featuresImaging clues to differentiate etiologiesLesson 7Recognizing and managing neuropsychiatric symptoms: agitation, psychosis, apathy — safe acute strategies and antipsychotic risksCover spot manage agitation, psychosis, apathy, mood symptom inna dementia, stress environment behavior tactic, antipsychotic risk-benefit, monitor adverse, caregiver teach.
Clinical features of agitation and aggressionAssessment of psychosis and hallucinationsApproaches to apathy and mood symptomsNonpharmacologic de-escalation strategiesAntipsychotic indications and safety risksLesson 8Pharmacologic symptomatic treatments and when to initiate cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine; nonpharmacologic interventions and caregiver supportDig med non-med treatment dementia, includin when fi start cholinesterase inhibitor or memantine, side effect handle, cognitive rehab, environment fix, caregiver support.
Indications for cholinesterase inhibitorsMemantine use and combination therapyManaging treatment side effectsEvidence-based nonpharmacologic strategiesCaregiver education and respite resourcesLesson 9Diagnostic framework for dementia: cognitive domains, functional impairment, and course of declineOutline step-wise diagnostic frame dementia, stress cognitive domain, functional drop, progression speed fi separate neurodegene, vascular, reversible cause, guide test counselin.
Core cognitive domains and typical deficitsFunctional decline and loss of independenceOnset, tempo, and progression patternsDistinguishing dementia from normal agingRed flags for nondegenerative etiologiesLesson 10Key guideline and review sources for dementia evaluation and management (with year identifiers)Sum major dementia guideline consensus, highlight key recommend, publish year, how fi apply practice, includin diagnostic criteria, biomarker use, treatment threshold, follow-up.
Major international dementia guidelinesKey diagnostic criteria and updatesGuidance on biomarker use and limitsTreatment and follow-up recommendationsUsing reviews to stay current
