Lesson 1Internal quality controls (IQC): controls types, frequency, target ranges, Levey-Jennings charts and Westgard rulesDis section explain internal quality control concepts, types of control materials, selection of target ranges, plottin an interpretin Levey–Jennings charts, applyin Westgard rules, an documentin corrective actions when control failures occur.
Control material types and selectionSetting target means and control rangesLevey–Jennings chart creation and reviewApplying key Westgard decision rulesDocumenting and resolving QC failuresLesson 2Common clinical chemistry tests: glucose, creatinine, electrolytes (K+, Na+), CRP, AST/ALT, renal panel — biochemical relevance and interferencesDis section review major clinical chemistry tests such as glucose, creatinine, electrolytes, liver enzymes, CRP, an renal panels, describin biochemical roles, assay principles, common interferences, an interpretation in clinical contexts.
Glucose assays and glycolysis preventionCreatinine methods and eGFR reportingElectrolytes by ISE and common artifactsLiver enzymes: AST, ALT, ALP, GGTCRP and basic inflammatory markersLesson 3Calibration, reagent handling, lot changes, and impact on assay performanceDis section cover calibration principles, selection of calibrators, reagent storage an stability, managin lot-to-lot changes, verification procedures, an how dese factors influence accuracy, precision, an long-term assay performance.
Calibration frequency and acceptance criteriaCalibrator traceability and documentationReagent storage, stability, and labelingLot-to-lot comparison and validationImpact of calibration on patient resultsLesson 4Instrumentation basics: automated hematology analyzers and clinical chemistry analyzers (photometry, ISE, enzymatic assays)Dis section introduce automated hematology an chemistry analyzers, includin cell countin technologies, photometric an enzymatic assays, ion-selective electrodes, an key maintenance tasks dat ensure reliable, continuous instrument performance.
Principles of automated cell countingPhotometric and colorimetric assay basicsIon-selective electrode measurementEnzymatic assay kinetics and endpointsRoutine maintenance and daily checksLesson 5Common hematology tests: CBC components, parameters (Hgb, Hct, RBC indices, WBC count, differential) and clinical significanceDis section detail CBC components, includin hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC indices, platelet count, WBC count, an differential, explainin measurement principles, reference intervals, an clinical interpretation in common disease states.
Hemoglobin and hematocrit measurement methodsRBC indices: MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDWPlatelet count and platelet indicesTotal WBC count and differential patternsCBC flags and smear review criteriaLesson 6Interferences and common artifacts: hemolysis, lipemia, icterus — detection and mitigationDis section review hemolysis, lipemia, an icterus, how dem distort hematology an chemistry results, methods fi visual an automated detection, decision limits fi rejection, an strategies fi prevent an correct dese interferences.
Mechanisms and causes of hemolysis in samplesLipemic interference in photometric assaysIcterus and bilirubin-related spectral overlapUse of HIL indices and automated flagsPolicies for sample rejection or recollectionLesson 7Pre-analytical variables affecting hematology and chemistry results (anticoagulants, fasting state, sample type)Dis section cover pre-analytical factors dat alter hematology an chemistry results, includin anticoagulant choice, fastin status, posture, sample type, storage time, an transport conditions, an how fi standardize collection procedures.
Anticoagulant types and tube selectionFasting, posture, and circadian influencesSerum vs plasma vs whole blood selectionEffects of storage time and temperaturePneumatic tube and transport-related issuesLesson 8Throughput, sample queueing, STAT processing on analyzers and protocols to prioritize urgent samplesDis section explain analyzer throughput, sample loadin patterns, STAT flags, an software rules used fi prioritize urgent specimens while maintainin accuracy, traceability, an compliance wid laboratory turnaround time targets.
Defining routine vs STAT turnaround timesConfiguring analyzer sample racks and carouselsSoftware rules for STAT and priority flagsManaging high-volume workflows and bottlenecksMonitoring real-time workload dashboards
