Lesson 1Selection of operative approach: hemithyroidectomy, total thyroidectomy, completion thyroidectomySpell out criteria fi choosin' hemithyroidectomy, total, or completion thyroidectomy, mixin' tumor feature, risk levelin', past surgery, patient likin', an' guide, plus counsel pon risk, benefit, an' long-term hormone follow-up.
Oncologic and benign disease indicationsRisk stratification and guideline useWhen to choose hemithyroidectomyIndications for total or completion surgeryShared decision making with patientsLesson 2Immediate postoperative monitoring: airway, hematoma recognition and management algorithmsLay out immediate post-op watch after thyroidectomy, focus pon airway check, early spot neck hematoma, standard watch protocol, step-up path, an' step-by-step algorithm fi bedside an' operation management.
Postanesthesia airway assessment stepsNeck wound checks and early warning signsHematoma risk factors and preventionBedside decompression and emergency stepsCriteria for urgent return to the ORLesson 3Role and practical use of intraoperative nerve monitoring: indications, limitations, and alternativesDig into intraoperative nerve watch principle, when fi use, an' setup, includin' electrode place, stim protocol, fix signal loss, read EMG change, limit, an' safe other way when monitor not deh.
Basic principles of nerve monitoringIndications and patient selectionEquipment setup and troubleshootingInterpreting EMG signals and alertsSurgery without monitoring: safe strategiesLesson 4Calcium and PTH monitoring protocols after thyroidectomy and initiation of thyroid hormone replacementCover protocol fi post-op calcium an' PTH test, risk level fi low calcium, mouth an' vein calcium an' vitamin D plan, timin' fi hormone start, an' dose fix base pon TSH an' risk shape.
Timing of calcium and PTH measurementsRisk stratification for hypocalcemiaOral and IV calcium and vitamin D regimensInitiating levothyroxine after surgeryTSH targets and dose adjustment plansLesson 5Anesthesia considerations and perioperative optimization including anticoagulation managementCover anesthesia plannin' fi thyroid surgery, airway check, tube strategy, handle body weakness, peri-op blood thinner an' anti-clot fix, fluid an' pressure target, an' post-op pain an' sick feel control.
Airway assessment and intubation planningManagement of comorbid conditionsAnticoagulation and antiplatelet adjustmentIntraoperative hemodynamic and fluid goalsPostoperative analgesia and nausea controlLesson 6Hemostasis techniques, use of energy devices, and management of problematic bleedingZero in pon careful bleed stop in thyroidectomy, compare stitch tie, clip, an' energy tool, safe use near nerve an' parathyroid, stop neck hematoma, an' step manage surprise or heavy bleed.
Vascular anatomy relevant to hemostasisSuture ligation and clip techniquesTypes and settings of energy devicesSafe use near nerves and parathyroidsAlgorithm for intraoperative bleedingLesson 7Identification, preservation, and autotransplantation of parathyroid glandsExplain tactic fi spot an' keep parathyroid gland, includin' usual an' stray spot, blood supply, way fi avoid blood cut, when fi self-transplant, graft method, an' post-op work check.
Recognizing normal and ectopic parathyroidsMaintaining parathyroid blood supplyWhen to perform autotransplantationAutotransplantation sites and techniqueAssessing postoperative parathyroid functionLesson 8Lymph node management: central compartment dissection indications and extentReview when an' how much central neck clear in thyroid cancer, includin' body bound, cancer reason, prevent vs treat clear, tech step, an' way fi cut nerve an' parathyroid hurt.
Central compartment anatomy and nodal levelsOncologic indications for central neck dissectionProphylactic versus therapeutic dissectionTechnical steps and key landmarksProtecting nerves and parathyroid glandsLesson 9Management of common complications: hypocalcemia, vocal cord palsy, wound infection, and seromaTackle early complication after thyroidectomy, like low calcium, vocal cord weak, wound germ, an' fluid pocket, stress spot, test work, quick handle, patient chat, an' when fi send specialist.
Recognition and treatment of hypocalcemiaEvaluation of vocal cord dysfunctionPrevention and care of wound infectionSeroma prevention and aspiration techniquePatient education and follow‑up planningLesson 10Intraoperative strategy for recurrent laryngeal nerve identification and preservationDescribe system way fi spot an' protect recurrent laryngeal nerve, includin' body change, cut plane, use capsule tech, handle hard scar or re-do, an' fix intra-op nerve hurt.
Key anatomic landmarks of the RLNInferior, lateral, and superior approachesCapsular dissection and safe planesManaging scarring and reoperative fieldsHandling suspected nerve injury
