Lesson 1Locatin' an' protectin' superior an' inferior parathyroid glands durin' thyroid dissectionExplore superior an' inferior parathyroid gland anatomy, blood supply, an' common positions. It emphasize systematic search patterns, capsular dissection, an' strategies fi preserve vascular pedicles an' avoid accidental parathyroidectomy, mi bredda.
Typical locations of superior parathyroid glandsTypical locations of inferior parathyroid glandsVascular supply and venous drainage patternsIdentifying parathyroid versus lymph node or fatAutotransplantation indications and basic techniqueLesson 2Larynx an' trachea anatomy relevant to airway management an' tracheostomy placementReview laryngeal an' tracheal anatomy essential fi airway control an' tracheostomy. It detail cartilaginous framework, cricothyroid space, an' tracheal rings, wid emphasis pon safe window selection an' avoidance of posterior wall injury, yuh know.
Cartilaginous framework of the larynxGlottic, subglottic, and tracheal lumen relationsCricothyroid membrane and emergency accessTracheal ring anatomy and ideal stoma levelsAvoiding posterior wall and cuff-related injuryLesson 3Stepwise dissection checklist an' intraoperative strategies fi minimize iatrogenic injuryProvide a structured checklist fi anterior neck dissection, from exposure to closure. It highlight strategies fi protect nerves, parathyroids, an' major vessels, manage bleedin', an' respond to intraoperative findin's or complications, seen.
Pre-incision verification and marking checklistSequential exposure of neck layers and planesSystematic identification of critical structuresInjury avoidance around nerves and parathyroidsIntraoperative troubleshooting and bailout optionsLesson 4Layered approach: skin, superficial fascia (platysma), deep cervical fascia—investin', pretracheal, prevertebralExplain di layered anatomy from skin to prevertebral fascia, emphasizin' di platysma an' deep cervical fascia compartments. Guide dissection along avascular planes fi reach di thyroid, trachea, an' carotid sheath safely, mi fren.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue of the anterior neckPlatysma muscle plane and safe elevationInvesting layer of deep cervical fasciaPretracheal fascia and visceral compartmentPrevertebral fascia and danger space overviewLesson 5Identification an' handlin' of strap muscles, midline raphe, an' isthmusectomy exposureDetail exposure through midline neck, includin' identification of di linea alba cervicalis, strap muscles, an' thyroid isthmus. Cover safe division, retraction, an' hemostasis fi create a stable field fi thyroid an' tracheal access, yuh zeet.
Surface marking of midline cervical rapheIdentifying and splitting the midline raphe safelyAnatomy and function of infrahyoid strap musclesTechniques for strap muscle retraction and protectionIsthmus anatomy and safe isthmusectomy stepsLesson 6Carotid sheath contents an' dem relationship to medial an' lateral thyroid lobesDetail carotid sheath contents an' dem spatial relation to di thyroid lobes an' trachea. Emphasize safe lateral dissection, recognition of anatomic variants, an' strategies fi avoid vascular or vagus nerve injury, true.
Contents of the carotid sheath in the neckMedial relations to thyroid and tracheaLateral relations to sternocleidomastoid muscleProtecting carotid artery and internal jugular veinVagus nerve course and preservation tacticsLesson 7Two common anatomical variations: nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve an' ectopic/undescended parathyroid glandsReview nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve patterns an' ectopic or undescended parathyroid glands. Emphasize preoperative imag'in, intraoperative recognition, an' safe dissection strategies fi avoid nerve palsy an' hypocalcemia, mi love.
Embryologic basis of cervical nerve and gland variantsImaging clues to nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve courseCommon ectopic and undescended parathyroid locationsDissection tactics when variants are suspectedPreventing nerve and parathyroid injury intraoperativelyLesson 8Exposure an' preservation of recurrent laryngeal nerves: typical courses an' intraoperative landmarksFocus pon recurrent laryngeal nerve anatomy, typical an' variant courses, an' reliable intraoperative landmarks. Discuss entry into di larynx, relationships to Berry’s ligament, an' methods fi preserve function durin' thyroid dissection, yuh hear.
Typical right and left recurrent nerve pathwaysLandmarks: tracheoesophageal groove and Berry’s ligamentInferior thyroid artery relationship to the nerveCapsular dissection along the thyroid capsuleUse of nerve monitoring and visual confirmationLesson 9Body positionin', safety checks, an' preparin' di cadaver fi an anterior neck dissectionOutline optimal patient an' cadaver positionin', paddin', an' stabilization fi anterior neck dissection. Include airway plannin', equipment checks, an' documentation fi ensure safety, reproducibility, an' high-quality educational dissections, seen.
Supine positioning and neck extension setupEye, nerve, and pressure point protectionSecuring airway devices and tube positionInstrument, suction, and light source checksLabeling, photography, and teaching preparationLesson 10Surface landmarks an' skin incision designs fi thyroidectomy an' emergency tracheostomyCover external neck landmarks guidin' thyroidectomy an' emergency tracheostomy. Review incision placement, length, an' orientation, plus modifications fi reoperative surgery an' distorted anatomy fi optimize exposure an' cosmesis, mi bredda.
Palpable laryngeal and tracheal surface landmarksPlanning a low transverse thyroidectomy incisionVertical and horizontal tracheostomy incisionsLandmarks in obese or distorted neck anatomyCosmetic considerations and skin crease alignmentLesson 11Major veins of di anterior neck: external jugular, anterior jugular, thyroid veins an' techniques fi hemostasisDescribe di external an' anterior jugular veins, thyroid veins, an' communicatin' channels. Emphasize preemptive identification, safe ligation, an' hemostatic techniques fi maintain a clear operative field an' prevent troublesome bleedin', yuh know.
Course of the external jugular vein and tributariesAnterior jugular vein and jugular venous archSuperior, middle, and inferior thyroid veinsTechniques for ligation, clips, and bipolar sealingManaging venous injury and air embolism risk
