Lesson 1History review focused pon cardiovascular risk factors, medications, allergies, an last oral intakeOutlines a focused pre-procedure history tailored to cath lab, emphasizing cardiovascular risk factors, current an recent medications, allergies, an precise timing an content of last oral intake to guide safety an anesthesia planning.
Structured cardiovascular risk factor reviewDocumenting medication timing an last dosesClarifying drug, food, an contrast allergiesDetermining last oral intake an NPO statusIdentifying red flags requiring physician reviewLesson 2IV access strategies: peripheral vs central, sizes fi contrast/medication administration, confirming patencyDetails selection of peripheral versus central venous access, appropriate catheter gauges fi contrast an medications, techniques to confirm patency, an troubleshooting infiltration, spasm, or poor flow before an during cath lab procedures.
Choosing peripheral versus central venous accessGauge selection fi contrast an drug deliveryTechniques to secure an label IV linesAssessing patency, blood return, an flowManaging infiltration, extravasation, or spasmLesson 3Patient identification protocols an two-person verification methods (ID band, verbal confirmation, chart cross-check)Covers legal an safety requirements fi accurate patient identification, use of ID bands an verbal confirmation, two-person verification workflows, an resolving discrepancies between wristband, chart, an electronic records before any invasive step.
Required identifiers fi cath lab patientsVerbal ID checks wid cognitively impaired patientsTwo-person verification workflow at procedure startReconciling ID band, chart, an EMR dataDocumenting an escalating ID discrepanciesLesson 4Pre-procedure fasting rules, premedication (analgesia, anxiolytics), an allergy prophylaxis protocols (contrast/iodine allergy)Explores fasting intervals fi solids an liquids, safe use of premedication such as analgesics an anxiolytics, an evidence-based allergy prophylaxis fi contrast or iodine reactions, including screening, risk stratification, an documentation.
Standard NPO times fi solids an clear fluidsPremedication choices an timing in cath labScreening fi prior contrast or iodine reactionsSteroid an antihistamine premedication regimensManaging high-risk allergy or anaphylaxis historyLesson 5Medication reconciliation an peri-procedural medication management (antiplatelets, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, nitrates, diabetic meds)Focuses pon structured medication reconciliation, identifying high-risk drugs, an planning peri-procedural management of antiplatelets, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, nitrates, an diabetic medications to balance bleeding, ischemic, an hemodynamic risks.
Collecting a complete pre-procedure drug listManaging dual antiplatelet therapy before PCIHandling warfarin an direct oral anticoagulantsAdjusting antihypertensives an nitrates safelyPeri-procedural management of diabetic agentsLesson 6Assessing an optimizing comorbidities relevant to PCI: hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney diseaseReviews assessment of hypertension, diabetes, an chronic kidney disease before PCI, including vital signs, glycemic status, renal function, an strategies to optimize blood pressure, glucose, an nephroprotection to reduce peri-procedural complications.
Pre-procedure blood pressure assessment targetsGlycemic control an hypoglycemia preventionEvaluating renal function an eGFR thresholdsHydration an contrast minimization strategiesWhen to delay PCI fi comorbidity optimizationLesson 7Consent verification, documentation, an handling questions bout risks an benefitsExplains legal an ethical aspects of informed consent, verifying dat consent is valid an complete, ensuring documentation is accurate, an addressing patient questions bout risks, benefits, an alternatives in understandable language.
Elements of valid informed consentChecking form completeness an signaturesAssessing patient capacity an surrogatesExplaining common cath lab risks an benefitsDocumenting questions an provided answersLesson 8Communication techniques to reduce anxiety an provide brief procedural explanations in lay termsDescribes patient-centered communication methods to reduce anxiety, including building rapport, using plain language explanations, checking understanding, an addressing common fears bout pain, sedation, an outcomes in de cath lab setting.
Establishing rapport on first patient contactUsing lay terms to explain PCI an angiographySetting expectations bout pain an sedationResponding to common fears an misconceptionsTeach-back methods to confirm understandingLesson 9Interpreting pre-procedure labs an investigations relevant to cath lab (CBC, electrolytes, creatinine/eGFR, coagulation panel, troponin, ECG)Covers interpretation of key pre-procedure tests, including CBC, electrolytes, creatinine an eGFR, coagulation studies, troponin, an ECG, an how abnormal results influence timing, access choice, an anticoagulation strategies.
CBC parameters relevant to bleeding riskElectrolyte abnormalities affecting arrhythmiasCreatinine, eGFR, an contrast risk assessmentCoagulation panel an anticoagulation planningECG an troponin in acute coronary syndromes
