Lesson 1Fuel storage and distribution depots: evaporation, loading/unloading, fugitive leaks, combustion sources and typical pollutantsDis part check emissions from fuel storage an distribution depots, includin tank breathin losses, loadin an unloadin, fugitive leaks, an on-site combustion, wid focus pon VOC an air toxics profiles.
Aboveground and underground storage tanksWorking, breathing, and standing lossesTruck and rail loading rack emissionsFugitive leaks from valves and fittingsOn-site combustion and flare emissionsLesson 2Emission factors and inventories: using EPA AP-42, MOVES, and industry-specific emission factor sources for estimating ratesDis part explain how fi use EPA AP-42, MOVES, an industry-specific emission factors fi estimate source strength, coverin activity data, time allocation, uncertainty, an documentation fi urban emission inventories.
Structure and use of EPA AP-42 factorsMOVES for on-road and nonroad sourcesIndustry-specific and vendor factor sourcesSelecting activity data and temporal profilesUncertainty, QA, and documentationLesson 3Characterization of traffic sources: vehicle types, fleet composition, diesel vs gasoline, congestion effectsDis part describe traffic emissions by vehicle class, fuel type, fleet age, an drivin conditions, highlightin congestion, cold starts, an drivin cycles weh shape pollutant profiles inna mixed-use areas.
Vehicle classes and fleet compositionGasoline versus diesel emission patternsCold starts, hot soaks, and idlingCongestion, speed, and driving cyclesBrake, tire, and road dust emissionsLesson 4Practical methods to survey local sources: traffic counts, facility inventories, permit databases, and field reconnaissance reportsDis part show practical ways fi identify an measure local sources, like traffic counts, facility lists, permit databases, an field checks, stressin data quality an area coverage.
Designing traffic count campaignsCompiling facility and land-use inventoriesUsing air permit and compliance databasesField reconnaissance and source mappingIntegrating multiple local data sourcesLesson 5Pollutant-species mapping: PM2.5, PM10, NOx, SO2, CO, VOCs, benzene, formaldehyde, NH3, and ozone precursorsDis part connect common urban sources to key pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, NOx, SO2, CO, VOCs, air toxics, NH3, an ozone precursors, helpin wid speciation profiles an receptor modelin.
Primary versus secondary pollutant conceptsPM2.5 and PM10 source contribution patternsNOx, SO2, and CO emission linkagesVOCs, benzene, and formaldehyde sourcesNH3 and ozone precursor source rolesLesson 6Emissions from light industry: metalworking, printing processes, solvent use and typical pollutant profilesDis part analyze emissions from light industry like metalworkin, printin, an solvent use, focusin pon operations, controls, an pollutant profiles weh matter fi urban mixed-use neighborhoods.
Metal cutting, welding, and surface preparationPrinting presses, inks, and cleaning operationsSolvent degreasing and coating applicationsTypical VOC, PM, and air toxics profilesEmission controls and good work practicesLesson 7Operational reasons for emissions: combustion processes, evaporation, abrasion, fugitive leaks, and secondary formation mechanismsDis part review how operations cause emissions, like combustion, evaporation, abrasion, leaks, an secondary formation, linkin processes to pollutant types an control chances.
Combustion stages and flame conditionsEvaporation from liquids and surfacesMechanical abrasion and wear processesFugitive leaks from equipment componentsAtmospheric secondary pollutant formationLesson 8Residential and commercial combustion: heating, cooking, small boilers and associated emissionsDis part cover combustion inna homes an businesses, like heatin, cookin, small boilers, explainin fuel choices, appliances, patterns, an gaseous/particulate emissions inna urban spots.
Space and water heating technologiesGas, oil, biomass, and electric cookingSmall boilers and packaged heating unitsCombustion chemistry and pollutant formationIndoor-outdoor emission pathways
