Lesson 1Backup power options: supercapacitors, UPS, battery-backed RTC — sizing an use casesDetails backup power strategies usin supercapacitors, UPS modules, an battery-backed RTCs, includin sizing calculations, charge management, data-flush timing, an typical use cases such as graceful shutdown an short power interruptions.
Use cases fi short-term backup powerSupercapacitor selection an sizing mathEmbedded UPS modules an charger designBattery-backed RTC an timekeepingCoordinating backup wid firmware shutdownLesson 2Robust power design: input protection, transient suppression (TVS diodes), filtering, isolation, an bulk capacitanceFocuses pon robust power input design, includin fusing, reverse polarity an overvoltage protection, transient suppression wid TVS diodes, LC an RC filtering, galvanic isolation, an bulk capacitance placement fi stable operation.
Input fusing, inrush, an reverse polarityTVS diodes an surge protection choicesLC, RC, an common-mode input filteringIsolation topologies an safety spacingBulk capacitance sizing an placementLesson 3Industrial I/O an interface hardware: isolated UART/RS-485 transceivers, isolated CAN PHYs, Ethernet PHYs wid magnetics, ADC front ends fi 4–20mAExamines industrial I/O hardware, includin isolated UART an RS-485, isolated CAN PHYs, Ethernet PHYs wid magnetics, an 4–20 mA ADC front ends, focusin pon isolation, EMC robustness, protection, an field wiring constraints.
Isolated UART an RS-485 transceiver designIsolated CAN PHYs an bus protectionEthernet PHYs, magnetics, an layout rules4–20 mA current loop input front endsSurge, ESD, an overvoltage protectionLesson 4Memory an persistent storage choices: flash, eMMC, SD cards, wear-leveling, an filesystem options (journaling, log-structured)Explores embedded nonvolatile memory options, comparin NOR/NAND flash, eMMC, an SD cards, wid emphasis pon endurance, wear-leveling behavior, performance, an filesystem choices such as journaling an log-structured designs fi reliability.
NOR vs NAND flash characteristicseMMC architecture an reliability modesSD card selection fi embedded systemsWear-leveling, endurance, an write patternsJournaling an log-structured filesystemsData integrity, power-fail safe techniquesLesson 5Hardware watchdog circuits an supervisory ICs, programmable supervisors, an reset sourcesDescribes hardware watchdogs, supervisor ICs, an reset sources, explainin how fi monitor supply rails an system health, configure programmable supervisors, an design reliable reset trees dat avoid lockups an unintended resets.
Internal vs external watchdog strategiesWindowed watchdogs an fault coverageVoltage supervisors an reset generatorsProgrammable supervisors an sequencingDesigning robust reset distribution treesLesson 6Brown-out detection, reset strategies, an power sequencing best practicesCovers brown-out detection, reset timing, an power sequencing best practices, includin threshold selection, hysteresis, controlled ramp-up, an coordination between multiple rails fi prevent latch-up, corruption, an undefined states.
Brown-out thresholds an hysteresis designReset timing, delays, an glitch filteringMulti-rail sequencing order an timingPreventing latch-up an undefined statesTesting brown-out an recovery behaviorLesson 7Selecting a main processing platform: microcontroller vs single-board computer — tradeoffs an decision criteriaAnalyzes how fi choose between microcontrollers an single-board computers, comparin performance, power, real-time behavior, OS support, connectivity, security, an lifecycle, an defining decision criteria fi industrial an embedded products.
Performance, memory, an real-time constraintsPower budget, thermal limits, an form factorOperating system, drivers, an ecosystemConnectivity, multimedia, an expansion needsSecurity, safety, an certification aspectsCost, lifecycle, an supply chain risksLesson 8PCB layout an hardware practices fi noisy environments: grounding, star grounds, signal routing, common-mode chokes, an decouplingCovers PCB layout strategies fi noisy an industrial environments, focusin pon grounding schemes, star grounds, controlled signal routing, common-mode chokes, an decoupling networks fi minimize EMI, crosstalk, an ground bounce issues.
Ground planes, splits, an star ground patternsHigh-speed an sensitive signal routing rulesPlacement a decoupling an bulk capacitorsUse a common-mode chokes an ferrite beadsGuard traces, stitching vias, an return paths
