Lesson 1Placenta: where it is, shape, grading; checking cord attachmentTeaches how to find the placenta's spot, grade, and shape, spot signs of previa or accreta issues, and check cord attachment, including edge, velamentous, and vasa previa types that change pregnancy care plans.
Finding front, back, or top placentaLow placenta and previa signsPlacenta lakes, thickness, texture shiftsGrannum grading and its use limitsCord attachment: middle, edge, velamentousChecking for vasa previa with color DopplerLesson 2Limits of ultrasound at 21 weeks and when to suggest specialist referralLooks at tech and body limits of 21-week scans, like mother's build, baby position, and machine issues, and says when poor views or possible problems need specialist referral or repeat checks.
Effect of mother's weight, scars, fibroidsBaby position, moves, shadow problemsMachine clarity and operator skillsWhen bad views need repeat scansSigns for specialist anomaly or heart checkTelling limits clearly to doctorsLesson 3Restating the health question and ultrasound's part in mid-trimester painFocuses on making clear the health question for women with mid-pregnancy pain, ultrasound's role in ruling out emergencies, checking neck, placenta, bags, and sides, and knowing when to act fast.
Making clear pain start, type, signsChecking baby health during mother's painLooking at placenta, bags, behind-placenta areaNeck length and funnel signs via vaginaSide, womb, urine path checksWarning signs needing quick pregnancy reviewLesson 4Choosing probe, patient position, and scan views for body and sizesCovers best probe types, frequency picks, patient setup for ease and clear pictures, and usual long, side, and slant views for steady body and size measures at 21 weeks.
Curved probe choice and settingsMother position and tilt for safetySide and long womb survey viewsUsual views for head and brain sizesUsual views for belly and leg bone sizesBest depth, focus, gain controlsLesson 5Checking bag water: AFI and deepest pocket method and meaningShows ways to check bag water with AFI and deepest pocket, including how to measure, normal amounts at 21 weeks, and spotting low or high water with health effects.
Area split and AFI measure stepsDeepest pocket method and boundsNormal water for mid-pregnancyLow water limits and effectsHigh water limits and effectsCommon measure mistakes and fixesLesson 6Report setup for mid-trimester body scan and key words to useDescribes a set report for mid-pregnancy, with needed parts, usual words, and terms for normal or odd findings, for clear, strong legal notes, and easy follow-up compares.
Key report parts and orderUsual words for normal baby bodyDescribing soft signs and small changesClear words for big problem suspectsNoting sizes and chart refsSuggestions, follow-up, note textLesson 7Reasons and key mother/baby history to gatherLists main mother and baby reasons for 21-week scan, like routine or high-risk, and key history, meds, past images to get before scanning.
Routine vs high-risk reasonsMother health, surgery, pregnancy pastCurrent pregnancy issues and medsHelp pregnancy and twinsPast scans, tests, lab resultsFamily past of problems or genesLesson 8Baby position and lie, basic Doppler spots (umbilical artery) and when to useShows checking baby lie, position, placenta link, and basic umbilical artery Doppler reasons, method, numbers, meaning, and when it helps at 21 weeks.
Finding lie, position, sidePresent part to placenta linkUmbilical artery Doppler at 21 weeksSample method and angle bestPulse/drop ratio, PI, RI basicsOdd waves and follow planLesson 9Key guide refs for pregnancy dating and problem checks (how to find)Guides to main world and local guides on dating and problem checks, how to find, read, use tips, including size standards, times, note needs.
Big groups: ISUOG, ACOG, SMFM, RCOGFinding online guide books and appsKey dating tips and CRL to sizesUsual problem check lists and timesUsing guide charts and z-score toolsNoting guide standard followsLesson 10Full baby body check: parts and spots to look at 18–22 weeksDetails step-by-step baby body check at 18–22 weeks, brain, face, back, chest, heart, belly, kidneys, arms, legs, private parts, with normal signs and common issues to spot and note.
Head shell, middle, back base viewsFace shape, eyes, lips, roof checksNeck, chest, low back, tail bone viewsFour-room heart and out flow viewsBelly wall, stomach, gut, kidneysArms, hands, feet, private parts checkLesson 11ALARA rule in pregnancy scanning and safety thoughtsStresses scan safety in pregnancy, ALARA rule, wise power and time use, knowing TI and MI numbers, avoiding extra Doppler, especially early and baby brain.
Body effects of scan wavesKnowing TI and MI on screenUsing ALARA in usual pregnancy scansLimiting Doppler and timeSafety in early and baby brain scansAdvising patients on scan safetyLesson 12Sizes and dating: head, belly circle, leg bone norms and chartsCovers usual size parts at 21 weeks, BPD, HC, AC, FL, right views, caliper spots, chart or z-score use for dating, growth check, size mismatch spot.
BPD and HC views and caliper spotsBelly circle view and trapsLeg bone method and false signsPicking right chartsUsing percents and z-scores for datingMeaning small or big for weeks
