Lesson 1Choosing Sample Tubes, Additives (EDTA for CBC, Glycolytic Inhibitor for Glucose) and Reasons WhyThis lesson covers right tube types and additives for glucose and CBC tests, explaining how EDTA keeps blood cells in shape and glycolytic inhibitors stop glucose from breaking down, including tube colours, how much to fill, and common mistakes in choosing.
EDTA tube selection for CBC testingFluoride oxalate and other glycolytic inhibitorsTube color codes and manufacturer variationsRequired fill volume and anticoagulant ratioAdditive mechanisms and cellular effectsConsequences of wrong tube selectionLesson 2Storage, Transport Conditions, and Time Limits for Glucose and CBC SamplesThis lesson talks about temperature, light, and time rules for glucose and CBC samples, like using cool packs, sending via tubes, and max times to hold them, to keep the substances stable and stop early damage or clotting.
Room temperature vs refrigerated storageUse of ice slurries for glucose stabilityTransport timing for CBC samplesPneumatic tube and courier considerationsMaximum pre-analytical holding timesMonitoring and documenting transport conditionsLesson 3Step-by-Step Venipuncture Method with Focus on Reducing HemolysisThis lesson gives a clear step-by-step way to do venipuncture to cut down hemolysis, covering preparing tools, angle for entering vein, how long to use tourniquet, handling tubes, and ways to avoid bubbling, too much pull, or poking again.
Pre-assembly and inspection of equipmentOptimal skin antisepsis and drying timeNeedle angle, depth, and vein anchoringTourniquet release timing and impactGentle tube filling and avoiding frothingManaging difficult draws without traumaLesson 4Right After Collection Handling: Mixing by Inverting, Blending, Clotting Times, and Dividing SamplesThis lesson covers steps right after taking blood, like how many times to invert, how to mix well, clotting times, ready for spinning, and dividing samples, to keep them good for glucose and CBC tests.
Inversion counts for EDTA and fluoride tubesProper mixing technique to avoid hemolysisRequired clotting times for serum tubesTiming of centrifugation for stabilityAliquot labeling and secondary containersHandling delays and documentationLesson 5Disposing Waste, Handling Sharps, and Care for Patient After Procedure and Watching ThemThis lesson describes safe ways to throw sharps and biohazard waste, dealing with accidents, and key care after procedure, like checking site, giving instructions, and watching for bleeding, swelling, or fainting reactions.
Sharps container selection and placementSegregation of infectious and noninfectious wasteNeedlestick and exposure response stepsPost-venipuncture site assessmentPatient instructions after blood drawDocumentation of incidents and follow-upLesson 6Standard Safety Rules, Hand Washing, and Choosing PPE for Blood DrawingThis lesson reviews basic safety for blood drawing, including washing hands, picking PPE by risk, cough manners, and safe work ways to stop spread of blood germs and other illnesses.
Indications and technique for hand hygieneGloves, gowns, masks, and eye protectionRisk-based PPE selection for phlebotomyRespiratory hygiene in collection areasEnvironmental cleaning of draw stationsPolicies for immunocompromised patientsLesson 7Picking Veins, Using Tourniquet, and Order of Draw RulesThis lesson explains how to choose good veins, safe use of tourniquet, and the standard order of draw, stressing to stop additives mixing and blood thickening that could change glucose or CBC results.
Preferred and alternative venipuncture sitesAvoiding compromised or painful veinsTourniquet placement and time limitsEffects of prolonged stasis on resultsCLSI order of draw sequence detailsOrder of draw for multiple glucose tubesLesson 8Labelling Needs and Key Details to Write DownThis lesson explains must-have labels and records for glucose and CBC samples, like patient IDs, collection info, test requests, and legal rules, to track well, cut errors, and help report results right.
Primary and secondary patient identifiersDate, time, and collector identificationTest orders, priority, and clinical notesLabel placement on glucose and CBC tubesElectronic vs paper requisitionsLegal and accreditation documentation needsLesson 9Identifying Patient and Before-Test Needs (Fasting, Agreement, Medicine Check)This lesson outlines right patient ID and prep before glucose and CBC tests, including checking fasting, getting agreement, reviewing medicines, and looking at recent sickness or treatments that affect reading results.
Two-identifier verification processFasting status and timing confirmationInformed consent and patient educationMedication and supplement reviewRecent illness, exercise, or smoking checkSpecial considerations for diabeticsLesson 10Common Mistakes in Collection (Hemolysis, Wrong Labels, Bad Tube) and How They Affect ResultsThis lesson looks at usual collection errors like hemolysis, wrong labels, and bad tube choice, explaining how they happen, spotting them, and effects on glucose and CBC truth, plus ways to stop and fix them.
Causes and recognition of hemolyzed samplesMislabeling risks and prevention methodsWrong tube or additive selection errorsUnderfilling and clotting in EDTA tubesSpecimen rejection criteria for labsCorrective actions and staff retraining
