Lesson 1Hazard 2 — Rotor wash and downwash effects: causes, consequences, perimeter control and shieldingLooks at rotor wash and downwash effects on people, vehicles, and loose items. Covers risk factors, safe approach paths, edge control, shielding fixes, and talk with ground workers.
Air flow basics of rotor washRisk factors and weak areasSecuring loose gear and loadsEdge control and no-go zonesUse of barriers and shieldsBriefing and training ground staffLesson 2Hazard 1 — Foreign Object Debris (FOD): causes, consequences, detection and mitigationCovers FOD sources, from loose parts to rubbish, and their effect on engines, rotors, and people. Explains check routines, spotting tools, cleaning standards, and reporting to stop repeats.
Common FOD sources at heliportsEffects for aircraft and peopleFOD check paths and timesUse of FOD bins and toolsCleaning and worker controlsFOD reporting and trend checksLesson 3Hazard 7 — Lighting failures at night operations: causes, checks, backup lighting and NOTAM proceduresLooks at lighting faults in night work, including causes, spotting, and backup choices. Details check routines, fault response, temp lighting, and NOTAM steps to guard flight safety.
Kinds of heliport lighting systemsCommon lighting fault waysBefore flight and night lighting checksUse of backup and portable lightingNOTAM rules and issue processUpkeep and fault fixesLesson 4Hazard 3 — Fuel handling and refueling hazards: bonding/grounding, spill sources, storage and SOPsExplains fuel handling risks including fire, blast, dirt, and nature harm. Covers bonding and grounding, storage rules, transfer steps, emergency actions, and records.
Fuel traits and fire startersBonding and grounding stepsFuel storage and tank setupRefueling rules and listsSpill stop and holdFuel fire and spill emergency actionsLesson 5Hazard 6 — Unauthorized access and ground vehicle/pedestrian conflicts: perimeter security, signage, access controlCovers unallowed access, vehicle breaks, and walker clashes on the heliport. Focuses on edge security, access control, signs, guiding, and link with security and site management.
Edge fencing and barriersAccess control systems and passesVehicle path planning and controlWalker paths and guide rulesSigns, markings, and warningsEvent reporting and checksLesson 6Hazard 4 — Obstacles and incursions during approach/departure: causes, mitigation, obstacle controlDeals with obstacles and breaks affecting approach and leaving paths. Covers obstacle checks, guard surfaces, temp works, animals, and steps to stop unallowed moves in key areas.
Setting approach and leaving surfacesSpotting lasting obstaclesHandling temp cranes and worksAnimal and drone break risksMarking, lighting, and charting obstaclesSteps for obstacle reportingLesson 7Hazard 8 — Simultaneous or converging arrivals and communications breakdowns: sequencing, holding procedures, and delegation of landing authorityChecks risks from same-time or meeting arrivals and talk breaks. Covers ordering, holding, standard talk words, and clear giving of landing power between pilots and heliport workers.
Traffic patterns and limitsArrival and leaving orderingHolding steps near heliportsStandard radio calls and wordsGiving landing powerHandling talk failuresLesson 8Assigning risk levels and mitigation hierarchy: eliminate, reduce, control, accept; residual risk documentationDetails how to group risks, use the fix order, and record left-over risk. Covers choice points, accept rules, and how to back, track, and check risk controls in heliport work.
Setting risk groups and levelsUsing the fix orderSetting risk accept rulesRecording left-over risk choicesChecking control strengthRaising and management checkLesson 9Hazard 5 — Adverse weather and visibility (including coastal fog): triggers, minima and operational limitsChecks bad weather and sight risks, including fog, low clouds, wind, and rain. Sets triggers, lowest points, and limits, and explains weather watching, choices, and backup planning.
Key weather risks for heliportsSight and cloud height checksWind, turbulence, and gust factorsSetting local weather lowest pointsWeather watch tools and sourcesLow-sight work stepsLesson 10Risk assessment frameworks: qualitative vs quantitative risk matrices, likelihood and consequence scalesExplains word-based and number-based risk checks at heliports, focusing on chance and result scales, chart design, and data sources. Stresses steady scoring, records, and check of changing work risks.
Word-based risk check stepsNumber data sources and limitsDesigning chance rating scalesDesigning result rating scalesBuilding and using risk chartsChecking and updating risk models
