Lesson 1Network vs analog systems: NVR vs DVR architectures and hybrid optionsUnderstand the differences between analog and IP CCTV systems, including DVR, NVR, and hybrid setups. Learn strategies for moving from old systems, cabling effects, and when to stick with legacy coax or switch fully to network video in Ghanaian installations.
Analog HD formats over coaxIP camera and NVR topologiesHybrid DVR and encoder optionsBandwidth and cabling implicationsMigration from DVR to full IPLesson 2Recorders and storage: NVR sizing, RAID options, retention calculations, write endurance and HDD selectionLearn how to size NVRs for number of channels, bitrate, and how long to keep footage. Compare RAID levels, types of hard drives, and their endurance, then calculate storage for various resolutions and frame rates suitable for local use.
Bitrate estimation per camera streamRetention and storage sizing formulasRAID 0, 1, 5, 6, and 10 trade-offsSurveillance-grade HDD vs desktop HDDWrite endurance and workload ratingsLesson 3Types of CCTV cameras (fixed, varifocal, PTZ, dome, bullet) and use-casesCompare fixed, varifocal, PTZ, dome, and bullet cameras and their best uses. Learn how the camera shape, surroundings, and risk level guide your choice for deterrence and protection against vandalism in Ghanaian environments.
Fixed lens cameras for simple scenesVarifocal lenses for flexible framingPTZ cameras for active monitoringDome vs bullet form factor selectionVandal-resistant and covert optionsLesson 4Sensor formats, resolution, frame rates, and low-light performance (1/2.8", 2MP, 4MP, 4K, WDR, IR range)Explore how sensor size, resolution, and frame rate affect picture quality and data use. Learn about low-light features like WDR, IR distance, and noise reduction, balancing detail with storage and network limits for night-time security in Ghana.
Common sensor sizes and crop factors2MP, 4MP, 4K resolution pros and consFrame rate vs motion blur and storageTrue WDR vs digital WDR techniquesIR illumination range and limitationsLesson 5Choosing realistic models: interpreting datasheets, vendor reputations, warranty and support considerationsBuild skills to read camera and NVR datasheets, compare true performance, and dodge sales tricks. Assess vendor trust, software updates, warranties, and return processes when selecting models available in Ghana.
Key specs that truly affect performanceReading sensitivity and lux ratingsVerifying bitrate and codec claimsVendor firmware and security historyWarranty terms and RMA proceduresLesson 6Network switches and PoE: PoE standards (802.3af/at/bt), budget calculations, managed vs unmanaged switchesLearn PoE standards, power planning, and switch choices for CCTV networks. Compare managed and unmanaged switches, number of ports, uplink speed, and backup options for steady camera connections in local setups.
802.3af, 802.3at, 802.3bt power levelsCalculating PoE power budgetsPoE switch vs midspan injectorsManaged vs unmanaged switch featuresUplink capacity and oversubscriptionLesson 7Camera features: PoE, ONVIF compatibility, motion detection, audio, tamper detectionReview important camera features for easy setup and use, like PoE, ONVIF, motion sensing, sound, and tamper alerts. Learn when each is needed, optional, or not required for projects in Ghanaian homes and shops.
PoE classes and power draw per cameraONVIF profiles and interoperabilityMotion detection and smart analyticsAudio input, output, and legal issuesTamper detection and event handlingLesson 8Accessory selection: mounts, housings, sunshields, cable glands, surge protectors, and weatherproofing for external unitsReview add-ons that safeguard and steady CCTV setups, such as mounts, casings, sun shields, cable seals, and surge guards. Learn weatherproofing tips for durable outdoor use in Ghana's rainy and sunny weather.
Wall, pole, and corner mount choicesOutdoor housings and sunshieldsCable glands and strain reliefSurge protectors and groundingWeatherproofing seals and ratingsLesson 9Power supplies and redundancy for CCTV: DC injectors, centralized power supplies, UPS sizing for recorders and network equipmentStudy power choices for cameras and recorders, including DC supplies, PoE boosters, and UPS units. Learn to size UPS power and plan backups to keep recording going during power cuts common in Ghana.
Centralized vs local power suppliesDC distribution and voltage dropPoE injectors and midspan designUPS sizing for NVRs and switchesRedundant power and failover plansLesson 10Lens selection, field of view, and focal length calculations for given coverage areasLearn how lens focus, sensor size, and type shape the view and detail level. Practice planning coverage, picking angles, and simple lens calculations to meet needs for spotting, identifying, or overviewing areas.
Fixed vs varifocal lens characteristicsFocal length, FoV, and distance relationsSensor size impact on coverage widthCalculating pixels per foot or meterSelecting lenses for entrances and gates
