Lesson 1Clinical check: looking, feeling, spotting bends, nerve and blood vessel exam for wrist injuriesThis part explains a proper clinical exam for wrist injuries, covering looking over, feeling around, checking bends, and focused nerve and blood vessel assessment to decide on scans, fixing position, and planning immobilisation.
Inspection for swelling, deformity, and skin breaksPalpation of distal radius, ulna, and carpal bonesAssessing active and passive wrist and finger motionScreening for open fractures and skin compromiseFocused neurovascular exam before immobilizationLesson 2Materials for wrist immobilisation: stockinette sizes, padding layers, plaster or fibreglass rolls, splint boards, casting tape, water temperature and mixingThis part lists and describes materials needed for wrist immobilisation, like stockinette sizes, padding layers, plaster and fibreglass choices, splint boards, casting tape, and safe water prep for mixing and shaping.
Selecting stockinette width and lengthChoosing padding thickness and overlapPlaster versus fiberglass: pros and consUse of splint boards and support surfacesWater temperature, mixing, and setting controlLesson 3Immobilisation options: when to use short arm cast, volar backslab, sugar-tong splint, thumb spica typesThis part compares ways to immobilise wrist fractures, explaining when to use short arm casts, volar backslabs, sugar-tong splints, and thumb spica types for different injury types, with pros and cons.
Indications for short arm circumferential castsWhen to use a volar backslab for wrist injuriesSugar-tong splints for forearm rotation controlThumb spica variants for scaphoid involvementAdjusting choice for swelling and patient factorsLesson 4Basics of scans: when to do X-ray views (PA, side, angled) and spotting Colles, Smith, joint fracturesThis part covers key wrist scans, including when to take PA, side, and angled X-rays, how to position, and recognising Colles, Smith, and joint fracture signs that guide treatment.
Indications for wrist radiographs after traumaPositioning for PA, lateral, and oblique viewsRadiographic signs of Colles fracturesRadiographic signs of Smith fracturesIdentifying intra-articular step-off and gapLesson 5Anatomy of lower arm bone end, lower elbow bone, wrist joint, common fracture typesThis part goes over anatomy of lower radius, ulna, and wrist joint, linking outside signs to usual fracture patterns, shifts, and joint issues that affect fixing and immobilising.
Bony anatomy of distal radius and distal ulnaRadiocarpal and distal radioulnar joint structuresMuscle and tendon forces affecting displacementExtra-articular versus intra-articular fracturesTypical Colles, Smith, and Barton fracture patternsLesson 6Instructions after immobilisation: lifting arm, pain relief, signs to come back, activity limits, cast care and check-up timesThis part covers advice after immobilising, like keeping arm up, pain meds, cast care, what not to do, danger signs needing quick check, and when to return for review and scans.
Elevation techniques to reduce swellingAnalgesia planning and adjunct measuresCast care, hygiene, and skin protectionActivity restrictions and work or sport adviceWarning signs and follow-up schedulingLesson 7Nerve and blood vessel safety checks: starting and after applying checks for blood flow, movement, feeling in median, ulnar, radial areasThis part stresses nerve and blood vessel checks before and after immobilising, covering blood flow, movement, feeling tests for median, ulnar, radial nerves, and noting changes needing urgent look.
Baseline capillary refill and pulse assessmentMedian, ulnar, and radial motor testing stepsLight touch and two-point discrimination mappingPost-application neurovascular reassessmentDocumenting findings and escalation triggersLesson 8Spotting tight muscle areas and sudden blood cut-off in lower arm injuriesThis part teaches early spotting of tight muscle problems and sudden blood lack in lower arm injuries, stressing repeat checks, key warning signs, and quick steps to save tissue.
Pathophysiology in distal forearm traumaPain, paresthesia, pallor, pulselessness, paralysisComparing soft compartments and contralateral limbMonitoring after reduction and immobilizationUrgent escalation and fasciotomy indicationsLesson 9Step-by-step applying: positioning, padding method, slab or cast placing, shaping for straight line, folding for working positionThis part guides full steps for wrist immobilisation, from placing patient and padding to putting slab or cast, shaping for line, and folding to keep a useful position with less pain.
Patient and limb positioning for wrist immobilizationPadding techniques for bony prominences and skinSlab versus circumferential cast application stepsThree-point molding for fracture alignment controlCreasing cast for functional wrist and finger position
