Lesson 1Integration of reversible causes (Hs and Ts) into resuscitation and targeted diagnosticsThis part stresses spotting and treating fixable arrest causes using the Hs and Ts method, combining on-site tests, focused actions, and ongoing checks to fix root problems and enhance revival results in field settings.
Systematic review of Hs and Ts causesBedside clues to hypoxia and hypovolemiaRecognizing acidosis, hypo/hyperkalemiaIdentifying tension pneumothorax and tamponadeSuspecting toxins, thrombosis, and traumaUsing ultrasound and labs to guide treatmentLesson 2Defibrillation protocols: PAD, immediate analysis, shock intervals, energy settingsThis part covers safe and effective shocking, including PAD use, quick rhythm checks, deciding on shockable or not, energy choices for single and dual-phase machines, shock timing, and reducing pauses before and after shocks.
Indications for defibrillation in cardiac arrestPAD setup, pad placement, and safety checksImmediate rhythm analysis and shock decisionsEnergy settings for biphasic and monophasicCoordinating shocks with ongoing compressionsPost-shock rhythm reassessment and actionsLesson 3Vascular access and medication delivery: IV/IO placement, drug selection, dosing, timing for epinephrine, amiodarone/lidocaineThis part explains setting up IV or IO lines during arrest, picking right spots and tools, choosing and measuring revival drugs, timing epinephrine and heart rhythm meds, and ensuring safe, correct drug giving and recording.
Choosing IV versus IO access during arrestIV and IO insertion sites and techniquesEpinephrine dosing and timing by rhythmAmiodarone and lidocaine indicationsFlushing, infusion, and line patency checksMedication tracking and double-check systemsLesson 4Immediate scene management and 60-second primary actions (scene safety, call for help, BLS chain activation)This part details the first 60 seconds on scene, stressing responder safety, quick cardiac arrest spotting, starting BLS steps, early call to EMS, and instant life-saving moves to avoid delays in good CPR and shocking.
Scene safety and personal protective equipmentRapid assessment of responsiveness and breathingActivating EMS and BLS response systemsPositioning patient and preparing for CPRCoordinating bystanders during first minuteLesson 5High-performance BLS: compression rate, depth, hand placement, minimizing interruptionsThis part targets delivering top BLS, with right compression speed, depth, bounce-back, and hand spots, cutting pauses, adding breaths, switching compressors, and using feedback tools to improve blood flow during arrest.
Optimal compression rate and depth targetsCorrect hand placement and body mechanicsEnsuring full chest recoil and avoiding leaningMinimizing pauses and managing rhythm checksCoordinating compressions with ventilationsUsing CPR feedback devices and metronomesLesson 6Cardiac rhythm recognition and algorithm application: VF/VT, PEA, asystole decision pathwaysThis part trains spotting main arrest rhythms like VF, pulseless VT, PEA, and asystole, and using ACLS steps, mixing rhythm checks, shock choices, drug timing, and constant rechecks into a planned method.
ECG features of VF and pulseless VTIdentifying PEA and true asystoleShockable versus nonshockable pathwaysTiming rhythm checks with compressionsIntegrating drugs into rhythm algorithmsCommon rhythm interpretation pitfallsLesson 7Advanced airway management in ALS: indications, sequence (OPA/NPA, SAD, endotracheal intubation), confirmation and continuous waveform capnographyThis part handles advanced airway picks in ALS, with reasons, step-by-step use of OPA, NPA, and above-glottis tools, tube insertion method, check with ongoing wave capnography, and fixing airway issues.
Selecting basic versus advanced airway devicesOPA and NPA sizing, insertion, and pitfallsSupraglottic airway placement and fixationEndotracheal intubation steps and safetyWaveform capnography for tube confirmationManaging airway obstruction and dislodgementLesson 8Termination of resuscitation: criteria, documentation, family communication, and safe handover to emergency departmentThis part explains when and how to end revival, with medical and legal rules, planned recording, kind family talks, and safe, teamed handover to emergency department or other care groups.
Field and in-hospital termination criteriaAssessing futility and likelihood of survivalRequired medical and legal documentationCommunicating death and prognosis to familiesCoordinating handover with emergency departmentLesson 9Team roles, closed-loop communication, leadership during resuscitation, task allocation and timingThis part builds strong revival teams, focusing on clear role giving, closed-loop talks, leader actions, task order, timing of key moves, and review to better performance and patient results.
Assigning clear roles before and during arrestPrinciples of closed-loop communicationLeadership behaviors under high stressCoordinating tasks and intervention timingManaging conflicts and cognitive overloadStructured post-event debriefing methods
