Vascular Medicine Course

Lesson 1 • Venous and Lymphatic Anatomy

Examines deep, superficial, and perforating venous networks alongside lymphatic drainage routes. Connects venous valve anatomy to chronic venous disease pathophysiology.

Lesson 2 • Arterial System Architecture

Covers elastic, muscular, and arteriolar vessel classification with wall layer composition. Establishes anatomical baseline for understanding arterial disease mechanisms.

Lesson 3 • Regional Vascular Territories

Maps vascular supply to cerebral, coronary, mesenteric, renal, and limb territories. Grounds anatomical knowledge in organ-specific clinical relevance.

Lesson 1 • Endothelial Function and Dysfunction

Examines nitric oxide signalling, endothelial-derived factors, and thromboresistance mechanisms. Establishes endothelial dysfunction as the initiating event in atherosclerosis.

Lesson 2 • Blood Flow Mechanics

Teaches Poiseuille's law, laminar vs. turbulent flow, and viscosity effects on resistance. Directly links flow physics to stenosis severity assessment.

Lesson 3 • Venous Haemodynamics and Calf Pump

Analyses venous capacitance, ambulatory venous pressure, and calf muscle pump efficiency. Provides physiological basis for chronic venous insufficiency grading.

Lesson 1 • Vasospasm and Functional Disorders

Analyses smooth muscle hyperreactivity, sympathetic dysregulation, and cold-induced vasospasm. Links functional mechanisms to Raynaud phenomenon and vasospastic angina.

Lesson 2 • Thrombosis and Coagulation Cascade

Covers primary haemostasis, coagulation pathways, fibrinolysis, and hypercoagulable states. Establishes thrombotic mechanisms underlying acute vascular events.

Lesson 3 • Vascular Inflammation and Vasculitis

Examines cytokine-mediated vessel wall injury, immune complex deposition, and granuloma formation. Differentiates large, medium, and small vessel inflammatory patterns.

Lesson 4 • Aneurysm Formation and Rupture Risk

Covers matrix metalloproteinase activity, wall stress mechanics, and genetic connective tissue defects. Provides pathological basis for aneurysm surveillance thresholds.

Lesson 1 • Structured Vascular History Taking

Teaches symptom characterisation for claudication, rest pain, ulceration, and swelling. Frames history elements within cardiovascular risk factor profiling.

Lesson 2 • Venous and Lymphatic Examination

Examines varicosity mapping, oedema grading, skin changes, and lymphoedema staging. Connects examination findings to venous and lymphatic disease classification.

Lesson 3 • Peripheral Arterial Examination

Covers pulse palpation, auscultation for bruits, capillary refill, and skin trophic changes. Integrates findings into arterial insufficiency severity grading.

Lesson 1 • Duplex Ultrasound of Vessels

Covers B-mode imaging, Doppler waveform analysis, and velocity criteria for stenosis grading. Applies duplex to arterial, venous, and graft surveillance protocols.

Lesson 2 • Catheter-Based Angiography

Details access techniques, contrast injection, and digital subtraction angiography interpretation. Positions invasive angiography within the diagnostic and interventional workflow.

Lesson 3 • Functional and Physiological Testing

Covers transcutaneous oxygen measurement, plethysmography, and tilt-table testing. Adds functional data to anatomical imaging for comprehensive disease characterization.

Lesson 4 • CT and MR Angiography

Examines acquisition protocols, contrast considerations, and anatomical detail for CTA and MRA. Compares modality strengths for aortic, peripheral, and cerebrovascular imaging.

Lesson 1 • Risk Factor Modification and Medical Therapy

Covers antiplatelet therapy, statin use, blood pressure control, and smoking cessation protocols. Establishes medical optimization as the foundation of PAD management.

Lesson 2 • Critical Limb Ischemia and Amputation

Addresses wound care, infection control, revascularization urgency, and amputation level selection. Integrates multidisciplinary limb salvage decision-making.

Lesson 3 • Endovascular Revascularization Techniques

Details balloon angioplasty, stenting, atherectomy, and drug-coated device applications by anatomical zone. Links lesion morphology to endovascular technique selection.

Lesson 4 • Supervised Exercise Rehabilitation

Examines structured walking programmes, pain-free interval training, and outcome measurement. Positions exercise therapy as first-line treatment for claudication.

Lesson 1 • Chronic Venous Insufficiency Management

Covers CEAP classification, compression therapy, pharmacotherapy, and ablative interventions. Connects disease severity grading to stepwise treatment escalation.

Lesson 2 • Deep Vein Thrombosis Diagnosis

Covers Wells score application, D-dimer interpretation, and duplex confirmation of DVT. Establishes a structured diagnostic algorithm to guide anticoagulation initiation.

Lesson 3 • Anticoagulation Therapy for VTE

Examines heparin bridging, direct oral anticoagulants, and duration decision frameworks. Balances bleeding risk against recurrence risk in individualized therapy planning.

Lesson 4 • Inferior Vena Cava Filters and Thrombectomy

Examines IVC filter indications, retrievable vs. permanent options, and catheter-directed thrombectomy. Addresses iliofemoral DVT and post-thrombotic syndrome prevention.

Lesson 1 • Aortic Dissection Classification and Management

Applies Stanford and DeBakey classifications to guide emergent surgical vs. medical management. Covers imaging diagnosis, blood pressure control, and TEVAR indications.

Lesson 2 • Endovascular Aortic Repair

Details EVAR anatomical eligibility, device selection, deployment technique, and endoleak classification. Compares EVAR outcomes with open repair across patient risk profiles.

Lesson 3 • Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surveillance

Covers screening criteria, ultrasound surveillance intervals, and size thresholds for intervention. Establishes evidence-based monitoring to prevent rupture.

Lesson 4 • Thoracic Aortic and Visceral Artery Disease

Examines thoracic aortic aneurysm surveillance, visceral artery aneurysms, and mesenteric ischemia management. Extends aortic disease principles to thoracic and visceral territories.